ARCHITECTURE SCIENCES FOR HERITAGE

The main goal of Architectural Composition Studio for Heritage course is to provide students with fundamentals of theories (Theory of Architecture partition) and architectural composition techniques (Architectural Composition partition) for heritage. The conceptual layout on which the course insists is the interpretation of heritage, in its broadest sense, as something inherited from the past, to which a community already attributes a value, but also can attribute new values and meanings. From this point of view, the course intends to guide the students to reflect on the relationship between theories and composition techniques through the design of a simple 'architectural organism', conceived starting from and in relationship to a pre-existing form. In accordance with the educational goals of the Degree Course, general and specific for the teaching area, the course allows the student to achieve the following learning outcomes: Knowledge and Understanding Theory of Architecture partition: - ontology of Architecture, between Art and Science; - theories of “formativity”: theoretical and methodological fundamentals; Architectural Composition partition: - relationship between Architecture and History; identification of historical paradigms useful to understand the modern architectural work; - relationship between Knowledge and Representation: graphic representation techniques suitable for describing the cognitive and interpretative contents of an architectural composition; - relationship between Composition and Representation: graphic representation techniques suitable for describing the composition contents; - relationship between Architecture and Construction: relationship between space characteristics and building systems (construction techniques and materials) - relationship between Architecture and Place: the architectural work as a revelation and representation of the identifying characteristics of the place; Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding Theory of Architecture partition: - ability to support and argue a critical position in relation to contemporary architectural theories in the field of architectural design; - ability to read and interpret architectural works from a theoretical point of view, developed through an analytical method; Architectural Composition partition: - ability to select and use the paradigms of the history and cultural area of reference; - ability to choose the composition techniques suitable for expressing the composition contents; - ability to represent the project through the application of representation techniques appropriate to the contents and the scale of the project; - ability to choose the building systems according to an idea of composition, and space characteristics; - ability to know how to orient relationships, fertile for the project, with the characters of the places. Additional expected learning outcomes related to: - Autonomous judgment: the course is, moreover, aimed at creating the theoretical-critical basis for the development by the student of an autonomy of judgment, necessary to promote a critical attitude in contemporary theories of architecture and in the use of composition techniques; - Communication skills: the course aims at developing by the student the communication abilities useful to the expression of her/his own thoughts and ideas about theories and composition techniques of an architectural work, both existing and newly designed through the communication modalities and tools suited to architecture. - Learning skills: based on lectures and exercises, the course aims to develop the student's ability to learn conceptual theories and technical-practical methods and tools, in the area of architectural composition.

Since the Course is articulated into two partitions, the course focuses on the design of a simple 'architectural organism', conceived in relationship to a pre-existing form with the aim of establishing a mutual relationship of assumption and conferral of meaning between the pre-existing form and the new one. Within this horizon, the course focuses on the relationship between architectural theories and architectural composition techniques. The design of this ‘architectural organism’ will be defined according to the knowledge of "theories of formativity" produced during the twentieth century and in the contemporary world, and, together with them, the compositional techniques of architectural form. The partition of Theory of Architecture will address the following topics: Theoretical-Critical fundamentals: - ontology of Architecture; - architecture "between Art and Science"; - on the need for Theory in Architecture; - theories of "formativity" Architecture and Space: - Inside things / Among things: types of space Architecture and Construction: - Forms of construction and topological characters of space -The ‘masonry’ construction: for a modern idea of the wall; - The 'tectonic' construction: from the technical form to the architectural form through the principle of decor Architecture and Heritage: - The concept of 'transformation' as principle of formativity; - Topography, Tipology, Stratification, Analogy: concepts and tools for design for heritage. The partition of Architectural Composition will address the following topics: - Knowing the Heritage: specific lectures dedicated to the knowledge of the Architectural Heritage assumed within the course as application case to experiment with the theories and techniques of architectural composition. They will deal with historical knowledge of the selected object; knowledge of its building systems and composition techniques. - Recognize and representing the Heritage: lectures and exercises aimed to provide tools and knowledge useful to analyze form, composition and construction of objects and spaces. Here the basis of hand drawing and CAD drawing will be introduced, in order to represent the architectural form. - Composing with the Heritage: lectures and exercises aimed to provide tools to stimulate compositional practice, through the design activity. Here it will be defined principles of relationships between pre-existing and designs elements, and between parts and the whole. A systematic architectural syntax based on clear rational principles will be defined by referring both to elementary architectural forms and to the conforming space techniques. The application activity is structured into a series of brief thematic exercises, preparatory to the development of the final project.

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites, although it is strongly recommended to have basic knowledges about: - history of art and the design of architecture - methods of representing architectural work through free hand drawings and drawing softwares; - elements, forms of construction and building systems.

The teaching method of the course will be structured into two ways: one referring to knowledge, the other referring to its application, according to the know-how and learning by doing. Acquisition of theoretical and technical fundamentals, articulated in: - Ex-cathedra lectures of a general theoretical nature, supporting the teaching purposes and integrating the contents of the architectural composition exercise. - Seminars on specific topics and introductions to the exercises - Possible external scientific contributions - Guided classroom learning through discussion of lecture content - Library research and extra-moenia study Application and verification of theoretical and technical fundamentals, articulated in: - Critical analysis of some paradigmatic architectural works, useful for the project, selected with reference to their theoretical contents and composition techniques, through a written critical text and/or analytical-interpretative drawings; - Design of a simple architectural organism focusing on the topic of heritage, through graphic elaborations and physical model, as main exercise of the course. The teaching method adopted provides for the interactive participation of the student, with reference to the topics and judgments made by the lecturer, and collective discussion, understood as a fundamental opportunity for broadening the issues covered.

Learning refers to the acquisition of the necessary theoretical knowledge (knowledge), introduced by the lessons foreseen by the program, and the composition techniques (know-how) that the student have to acquire during the development of the semestral design exercise. The check learning takes place, during the course year, through: - evaluation of preliminary exercises, consisting in a written critical text and/or analytical-interpretative drawings concerning some of paradigmatic architectural works selected and improved during the course, within the partition of Theory of Architecture,; - evaluation of the semestral design exercise, consisting in the design of a simple architectural organism, as main exercise improved during the course and delivered at the exam, represented through graphic elaborations and physical model, for the partition of Architectural Composition. The final exam consists in an oral discussion of the semestral design exercise. Starting from this discussion, the questions of the final exam will focus both on the theoretical contents of the partition of Theory of Architecture, and to the composition techniques contents of the partition of Architectural Composition. The mark will be the result of the average of evaluations resulting from exercises improved during the course (written critical text and/or analytical-interpretative drawings, plus design of a simple architectural organism) and oral examination. The minimum requirement for passing the final exam consists in demonstrating the acquisition of the fundamental principles of theories and techniques of architectural composition for heritage.

The main goal of Elements and Forms of Construction course is to provide the basic knowledge of the problem of construction in relation to architectural design. The conceptual layout on which the teaching insists is the relationship between design idea and material seen as parts of the same constantly changing process in which material, craftsman, worker, technician, machine, image and meaning determine and influence each other. In accordance with the educational goals of the Degree Course, general and specific for the teaching area, the course allows the student to achieve the following learning outcomes: Knowledge and understanding: - Relationship between matter, materials, elements and building systems - Relationship between design and representation: representative drawings appropriate to the technique and different scales - Technical-functional, sustainability and durability characteristics of building systems and their expressive value for construction - Relationship between functional purpose, technical correctness and representational intentionality of architecture Ability to apply knowledge and understanding - Ability to interpret the structural design, construction and civil engineering problems associated with building design - Ability to interpret the language of construction and structures and the technical factors affecting them - Ability to interpret the intrinsic properties of materials and their use with respect to a cultural area - Ability to interpret knowledge of the techniques of material processing and construction of building artifacts - Ability to recognize and identify the role of technological units in a building - Ability to represent at detailed scales elementary technological units - Ability to define technical solutions of building elements and architectural details - Ability to improve the skills and aptitude for teamwork Additional expected learning outcomes related to: - Autonomous judgment: the course is, moreover, aimed at creating the theoretical-critical basis for the development by the student of an autonomy of judgment, necessary to promote a critical attitude in the use of construction techniques, based on performance, aesthetic qualities and relationship to the context and in continuity with the architectural culture of the existing - Communication skills: the student should be able to learn and communicate through basic nomenclature on what are the technological units, materials, construction systems and working techniques necessary for architectural design - Learning skills: based on lectures and exercises, the course aims to develop the student's ability to learn the methods and tools, conceptual and technical-practical in the area of elementary architectural construction. The student must also demonstrate that he/she has learned the methods of bibliographic and scientific research in the area of elementary structures

The course focuses on the relationship between design idea and material seen as parts of the same constantly transforming process in which material, craftsman, worker, technician, machine, image and meaning determine and influence each other. In particular, the course will focus on the study of the act of construction in its possible material and expressive declinations as a focus through which to understand the relationship between construction and architectural organism. Rooting to the ground, enclosing, opening, connecting, overlapping and covering are the elementary and immutable technical acts of architectural making with which it is proposed that the student will become familiar. The lectures will follow the building process diachronically, that is, according to the traditional layering of the building during construction. As such, ex cathedra lectures will be developed focusing on the following content: - Static principles and simple stresses. From matter to architectural space - Rooting the building in the ground. Foundations - Fencing/erecting. Stone and brick masonry construction - Fencing/erecting. Wood construction: the frame and the wall - Fencing/erecting. Concrete construction: the frame and the wall - Fencing/erecting. The metal construction: the frame - Opening/closing. From the theme of wall discontinuity to the frame - Connecting. The stairs in stone, wood and steel - Roofing. The flat and sloping roof in wood construction - Covering. The construction of masonry vaults - Covering. Element resistant roofing and form resistant roofing in reinforced concrete - Covering. Metal roofing. From frame to lattice structures

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites, although it is strongly recommended to have basic knowledge, even scholastic knowledge, about methods of representing architectural design and rudimentary knowledge of Autocad software.

The teaching method of the course will be structured into two ways: one referring to knowledge and understanding, the other referring to the application of knowledge and understanding, according to the know-how and learning by doing. Acquisition of theoretical and technical-instrumental fundamentals, articulated in: - Ex cathedra lectures of a general theoretical nature, supporting the teaching purposes and integrating the contents of the Workshop - Seminars on specific topics and introductions to the exercises - Possible external scientific contributions - Guided classroom learning through discussion of lecture content - Library research and extra-moenia study Application and verification of theoretical and technical fundamentals, articulated in: - Exercises on the topics under study as a means of collective and individual verification. The teaching method adopted provides for the interactive participation of the student, with reference to the themes and judgments made by the lecturer, and collective discussion, understood as a fundamental opportunity for broadening the issues covered

Learning refers to the acquisition of the necessary knowledge and understanding, introduced by the lessons foreseen by the program, and the capacity to apply knowledge and understanding, that the student have to acquire during the development of the course. The check learning takes place, during the course year, through: - Intermediate verification mode carried out through delivery of exercises during the semester on progress of activities - Mode of final verification carried out through delivery of the final exercise boards and oral discussion in the final exam The final exam consists in an oral discussion of the final exercise boards. The mark will be the result of the average of evaluations resulting from exercises improved during the course and oral examination. The minimum requirement for passing the final exam consists in demonstrating the acquisition of the fundamental principles of construction in relation to architectural design.

The main goal of Fundamentals of Survey And Representation of Heritage is to provide students with fundamentals of representation ( Methods and Techniques for Representation partition ) and fundamentals of surveying ( Methods and Techniques for Surveying partition ) for heritage. The course aims to guide students, through an in-depth analysis of theoretical foundations and practical tools of drawing and surveing, to acquire a graphic language and a methodology of representation to elaborate a compositional prefiguration or analyze an historical work of architecture. In accordance with the educational goals of the Degree Course, general and specific for the teaching area, the course allows the student to achieve the following learning outcomes: Knowledge and Understanding Methods and Techniques for Representation partition: - practical tools and conceptual devices to use drawing in understanding architectural forms - relationship between reality and representation - acquisition of various methods of graphic representation (orthographic projections, axonometry, perspective) for drawing the historical heritage - substantial number of graphic standards and conventions related to both traditional and digital drawing Methods and Techniques for Surveying partition: - the geometric principles that govern the criteria for proportioning and distributing historical buildings; - methods and techniques for surveying buildings, urban fragments, and territory; - traditional and advanced surveying tools; - relationship between principles and techniques of representation and ideas of architecture and city. Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding Methods and Techniques for Representation partition: - ability to represent historical building using by orthographic projections, axonometry, perspective - ability to execute a graphic representation of such geometric and architectural forms using traditional drawing tools or contemporary digital tools; - choose the representation system in relation to the object to be represented and the purpose of the representation. - ability to represent the formal, distributive, and historical qualities of architectural artifacts through graphic representations; - Methods and Techniques for Surveying partition: - ability to utilize traditional and advanced surveying instruments; - ability to apply methods and techniques for surveying buildings, urban fragments, and territory Additional expected learning outcomes related to: - autonomy of judgment necessary to make appropriate and informed operational, technical, and methodological choices to address issues of significance in the documentation of both historical and contemporary architecture and cities; - communication skills useful for expressing the activities carried out through the most suitable communication tools for architecture; - learning abilities in order to pursue further studies and utilize new techniques and methods to successfully integrate into the continuously evolving job market.

Since the Course is articulated into two partitions, the course focuses on the drawing and surveying of a simple 'architectural organism'. The partition of Methods and Techniques for Representation will address the following topics: - Freehand drawing and the representation of ideas; - Simplification of architectural form through diagrams; - Describing architectural form using conventional drawings in plan, elevation, and section; - Depicting architectural bodies through axonometric projections; - Spatial analysis using cutaway axonometric drawings; - Describing form through architectural elements using exploded axonometric drawings; - Representing architectural space in perspective projection; - Modeling architectural form in physical models; - Communicating architectural projects; - Specific topics related to the selected author or housing types will be explored in greater depth, aligning with the course theme for the year. The partition of Methods and Techniques for Surveying will address the following topics: - Objectives and purposes of surveying, the survey project; - Evolution of surveying representation; - Photographic surveying: photographic documentation; - Tools and methods of Direct Surveying; - Tools and methods of Indirect Surveying I: Simple Photogrammetry; - Tools and methods of Indirect Surveying II: Celerimetry; - Tools and methods of Indirect Surveying III: Digital Photogrammetry; - Tools and methods of Indirect Surveying IV: Laser Scanning Techniques; - Urban and environmental surveying; - Detail surveying; - Surveying of dry construction;

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites, although it is strongly recommended to have basic knowledges about: - fundamentals of representation of architecture - the geometric properties of plane and solid shapes;

The teaching method of the course will be structured into two ways: one referring to knowledge, the other referring to its application, according to the know-how and learning by doing. Acquisition of theoretical and pratical fundamentals, articulated in: The course is structured into theoretical lessons and practical exercises in both traditional and digital drawing. Guest lectures by external instructors will cover topics related to the final course project, and lab activities will be conducted to prepare graphic drafts and digital and physical models for the final exam. Application and verification of theoretical and pratical fundamentals, articulated in: The teaching method involves a complementarity between theoretical lessons that provide the tools and methods necessary to tackle a drawing and surveying operation, starting from traditional methodologies and reaching the latest innovations in the technological field, and practical exercises where students put into practice the knowledge, techniques, methods, and software used. The partition is divided into two phases: • The first phase focuses on familiarizing students with traditional drawing and surveying techniques and methods and includes a series of practical exercises both within and outside the city walls, culminating in the completion of an initial urban and environmental surveying exercise. • The second phase is aimed at introducing students to more recent and innovative surveying techniques and methods and involves a series of practical exercises both within and outside the city walls, culminating in the completion of a second architectural surveying exercise.

The assessment of the learning of the contents will be carried out through the following modalities: • A series of individual exercises, mostly conducted in-house, to verify knowledge and the ability to control methods and techniques for surveying buildings, urban areas, and landscapes, to utilize traditional and advanced surveying tools, and simultaneously to produce graphic representations of geometric and architectural forms using traditional drawing instruments or contemporary digital tools. • An exercise in urban and environmental surveying and an exercise in architectural surveying (yearly theme) to assess the ability to represent the formal, distributive, and historical qualities of architectural artifacts through appropriate representations, to choose the representation system in relation to the object and purpose, to evaluate the relationship between principles and techniques of representation and ideas of architecture and the city, and to demonstrate the capacity for learning in order to pursue further studies and utilize new techniques and methods for integrating into the workforce. • A final exam (oral test) through which to verify the acquisition of communication skills useful for presenting the conducted activities and to demonstrate autonomy of judgment in making suitable and informed operational, technical, and methodological choices to address issues related to the surveying and documentation of historical and contemporary architecture and urban environments. The timing of the exercises is scheduled in such a way that the individual exercises and the urban and environmental survey will be conducted in the first semester, while the architectural survey (year theme) will take place in the second semester. The final evaluation will consider the active participation/attendance, practical tests/individual exercises, the urban and environmental survey, the architectural survey (year theme), and the final interview. Specifically, the final evaluation is the result of the following components with the following percentages: • 10% attendance/active participation during the course; • 10% individual exercises; • 20% urban and environmental survey; • 40% architectural survey (year theme); • 20% final interview;

The main goal of Geometry and Mathematics course are the following: Knowledge and Understanding: - Knowledge and understanding of the principles of mathematical analysis, geometry and linear algebra; - Knowledge of the elements of differential and integral calculus. Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding: - Knowledge of tools suitable for the representation and manipulation of two-dimensional and three- dimensional objects; - Aware use of the tools of differential and integral calculus in the structural disciplines of the course of study. Any additional expected learning outcomes, relating to: - Autonomy of judgment: in verifying the correctness of an argumentative/demonstrative process and/or a sequence of mathematical calculations. - Communication skills: use scientific language with ease and mastery. - Learning ability: knowing how to find analogies and connections even in contexts and situations not presented during the course.

• Complex numbers - Geometry, linear algebra and vector spaces - Matrices, linear maps and linear systems - Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. diagonalization - Conic sections and quadrics - Sets theory - Basic properties of real functions - Limits and continuity - Differential and integral calculus - Two variable functions

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites. The entrance test to the Degree Course assesses the basic preparation of the students.

The teaching content will be structured in: - Ex cathedra lectures of a general theoretical nature, supporting the teaching purposes - Guided classroom learning through discussion of lecture content Know-how (application and verification of theoretical and technical fundamentals) articulated in: - Exercises on the topics under study as a means of collective and individual verification.

The learning assessment covers all the topics of the program and requires demonstrating knowledge of the topics of the program (first Dublin indicator) and the ability to apply the tools and techniques covered in the course (second and third Dublin indicator), demonstrating mastery of the vocabulary and technical terminology (fourth Dublin indicator). It will be established by passing 2 intermediate tests: - a first written test including numerical exercises and theoretical questions for what concerns the first module (Geometry Institutions) - a second written test including only exercises, for what concerns the second module (Mathematics Institutions) and an oral test useful for ascertaining the student's preparation and defining the overall assessment within the integrated course. The result of the assessment is expressed in thirtieths. Students who have obtained at least a score of 16/30 in each partial test (written assessments) will be admitted to the oral test. The assessment grid of the individual intermediate tests is an integral part of the exam. The minimum passing grade (18/30) will be awarded for a sufficient level and quality of knowledge of the minimum requirements. Students will achieve the maximum grade (30/30) if they demonstrate an excellent level of knowledge on the topics of the program, together with high ability to apply the knowledge and skills acquired. They will be worthy of honor if they are able to apply the knowledge and skills acquired also in contexts other than those proposed in class (fifth Dublin indicator).

It is essential aim of the course the understanding of architectural intervention in relation to the fundamental moments of history. Its knowledge is an irreplaceable prerequisite for a correct interpretation of the historical architecture. In detail, the objectives are as follows. Knowledge and understanding - basic knowledge of the architectural characters and of the Greek, Hellenistic and Roman cities - Basic knowledge of the main artistic phenomena that affected the ancient city and the Greek and Roman society - understanding the importance of the material data to reconstruct the environment in which ancient architecture is developed - understanding the interaction relationships between the development of ancient architecture and the artistic phenomena affecting the coeval society - understanding of the evolution of the relationship between the idea of architecture and architectural form in relation to the socio-cultural events of the different periods Ability to apply knowledge and understanding - Ability to historically frame and contextualize the large complexes of ancient architecture through the analysis of development of ancient cities and their main artistic events - Ability to describe architectures as an expression of a particular culture in a given period, orienting himself in time and space - Ability to connect the various artistic-architectural phenomena in a coherent historical continuum - Ability to orientate himself in a bibliographic search Additional expected learning outcomes related to: - Autonomous judgment: development of the ability to make critical judgments regarding the various hypotheses of restitution of the architectural monument to the state of ruin - Communication skills: capacity for illustration and critical description of historical-artistic processes - Learning skills: the acquired preparation will make the student able to face with greater certainty the study of the architecture of the following historical periods, as well as to face with greater competence the study of the Restoration of Monuments and Architectural Survey

The course aims to offer the necessary methodological tools in reading the architectural organisms in its spatial articulation along with the understanding of the relationship that closely links the changes in the architectural space and the development of construction techniques. The chronological frame is comprised between the Iron age and the Late Antique period. This period of reference includes: - Minoan architecture - Mycenean architecture - Geometric architecture - Greek architecture (Archaic, Classical, Late Classical) - Hellenistic architecture - Etruscan architecture - Roman architecture - Late Roman architecture

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites, although it is strongly recommended to have knowledge, already verified in the admission test, of history of architecture. Moreover, is recommended good knowledge of history in general, good knowledge of historical geography in general, good skills in bibliographical search.

The course consists of lectures, thematic and terminological seminars, and graphic exercises in the classroom. The course is completed by classroom discussions on the most updated bibliography of the individual topics. The student will have at his disposal the PowerPoint presentations of the lessons, downloadable from the e-learning platform, and all the indications to be able to orientate himself in the reference bibliography. The teaching activities are divided into: - Seminars on moulded profiles, architectural orders and their relating parts - Graphic exercises on architectural orders - Lectures on the historical arguments mentioned above Attendance at lectures is mandatory in order to obtain the necessary credits to take the exam.

Oral examination During the examination the student must demonstrate good knowledge and historical and critical evaluation skills of all matter through a dialogue and by means of simple freehand drawings made on a topic proposed by the examiners.

The main goal of Statics course is to provide an introduction to the principles, methods and problems of Statics, understood as a discipline that has as its object the study of the kinematic and static behavior of structural systems, essentially referring to the model of a rigid plane beam. The introduction of the techniques of graphical statics, and the guide to the development of application examples, aims to provide the student with the preliminary notions and skills to deal with the analysis of the mechanical response of structures. In accordance with the educational goals of the Degree Course, general and specific for the teaching area, the course allows the student to achieve the following learning outcomes: Knowledge and Understanding: - understanding of the fundamental concepts of structural mechanics; - ability to perform kinematic and static analysis of simple structures; - ability to determine the stress state in isostatic structures; Ability to apply Knowledge and Understanding: - ability to build models of simple structures; - ability to classify structures from a kinematic and static point of view; - ability to analyze and represent, also graphically, the stress state in isostatic structures. Any additional expected learning outcomes, relative to: - development of a critical and autonomous thought: development of autonomous capacity for analysis of the most elementary structures. - communication skills: ability to illustrate and describe, also through appropriate graphics, the state of stress in isostatic structures. - learning ability: at the end of the course, the student must demonstrate that he/she possesses the learning and processing skills necessary to continue the study of the structural aspects of constructions, and that he/ she has acquired the fundamentals of the scientific method as a logic of thought and as a principle of rigor in operational practice.

• Topic 1 Fundamentals. Preliminary concepts of kinematics and statics of rigid bodies. Plane case. Linear kinematics of rigid bodies. Principle of virtual works. - Topic 2 Kinematics of beams and frames. Definition of beam. Plane beam. Kinematic characterization of external and internal constraints. Kinematic analysis. Theorem of kinematical chains. - Topic 3 Statics of beams and frames. Force systems for beams. Axioms of equilibrium. Definition of internal forces. Equilibrium theorems for plane beams. Static characterization of external and internal constraints. Static analysis of beams and frames. Solution of problems on statically-determinate structures. Graphic methods.

Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis, Geometry, General Physics.

The course consists of lectures and exercises in the classroom.

The exam consists of an oral examination preceded by a written test. The written test is a partial test with a typical duration of 2 hours. It concerns problems aimed at assessing the student's knowledge in the kinematic and static analysis of statically determinate structures. The minimum requirements for passing the written test, corresponding to the achievement of the mark of 18/30, are to demonstrate sufficient knowledge of the methodologies for the solution of the proposed exercises. To current students is offered the exemption from the written test by passing two partial tests scheduled in the suitable periods of the academic calendar, concerning the same topics listed above about the written test. Passing the written test gives access to the final oral examination. The latter is aimed at assessing the ability to set up applicative problems and the theoretical knowledge of kinematic and static analysis of statically determinate structures, also employing graphic methods. The minimum requirements for passing the oral examination, corresponding to the achievement of the mark of 18/30, are to demonstrate sufficient competence and property of language on the topics of the interview, as well as a sufficient ability to re-elaborate independently the concepts, also through diagrams and graphics. Not fully knowing one of the required topics is not allowed. The final grade of the exam represents an overall assessment of the student's knowledge, as emerged from both the written test and the oral examination. In accordance with the University regulations, on explicit demand by a student, it is allowed to take the exam only through an interview. In this case, the oral examination is divided into a first part about the solution of problems of the same type as those listed above for the written test; the same criteria of the written test are employed for the evaluation. If the student passes this first part, then he is admitted to the second part of the examination. For the latter, the same procedure and the same evaluation criteria exposed above for the oral examination are adopted.

The main goal of Urban Planning course is to provide the main general concepts of the Urban Planning and the particular national and regional planning framework. The teaching looks at learning the discipline from both a theoretical and operational point of view, with an approach to knowledge that tries to focus on the issues of greatest interest in the city and the contemporary territories. In accordance with the educational goals of the Degree Course, general and specific for the teaching area, the course allows the student to achieve the following learning outcomes: Knowledge and Understanding: - the course wants to improve the ability to apply principles of knowledge and understanding of the discipline of urban planning to develop the own ability of the student of reading the territory and the urban contexts. Any additional expected learning outcomes, relative to: - Development of a critical and autonomous thought: through the theoretical and technical bases provided, the student acquires an autonomy of judgment. He will be able to contextualize the main transformations of contemporary urban contexts, tracing in them the cultural position and the historical moment from which the process has originated. - Communication skills: the course aims to develop the student ability to use the technical language and the normative definitions in the phases of observation and reading of the rules constituting the city and the territory. At the end of this city planning course, students must have the ability to express their critical thinking on urban planning theories; the knowledge of planning and project techniques of the city and the territory will be the main object of the final examination. - Learning ability: the course aims to develop the student's learning ability in the methods and tools of urban analysis. The student must demonstrate that he has learned the methodologies of bibliographic and scientific research. - Communication skills: capacity for illustration and critical description of historical-artistic processes - Learning skills: the acquired preparation will make the student able to face with greater certainty the study of the architecture of the following historical periods, as well as to face with greater competence the study of the Restoration of Monuments and Architectural Survey

The Urban Planning Course is divided into two parts: the teaching of Urban Planning Theory, and Urban Planning Techniques. Both teachings look at the theme of the residency project. In the course of Theories, this theme is studied from the origins of the construction of the residential public initiative (early '900) ‘till the modern Social Housing. Then, in the course of Techniques, this theme is developed through planning techniques for a residential settlement. The residential theme is studied through theoretical lessons for the practical-critical point of view and on the applicative one, it will be critically analyzed through project exercises and learning checks. - Urban Planning Theory: It is divided into two under-modules of teaching: 1. Knowledge – approach to disciplinary knowledge; 2. Practice – anguages and techniques of urban phenomena: thematic exercises through "other" languages (such as photography, novel…) related to the theoretical contents of the lessons and preparatory to the analysis of a specific urban context; - Urban Planning Techniques It is divided into two under-modules of teaching: 1. Knowledge – know; 2. Practice – know how;

Since this course pertains to the First Cycle of the course of study, there are no mandatory prerequisites. The student will be provided with the necessary equipment-study to achieve the training objectives of the discipline.

The Urban Planning Course, as mentioned above, is divided into two courses: Urban Planning Theory and Urban Planning Techniques. There will be lectures (concerned the theoretical part of the discipline, starting from the lexicon of Urban Planning up to more complex and articulated topics) and many "intra/extra moenia" lessons, like workshop, survey, inspections, also trips of many European cities. The most consolidated didactic methods are so innovated by looking at contemporary contexts, through disciplinary contaminations and direct experiences. In both parts of the course (Theory – Techniques), moments of periodical exercise are planned, through which the students transfer in practical operations what they have learned during the theoretical didactics. It is so necessary the passage from know to know-how in the urban planning discipline, in order to give students a good problem-solving attitude. In the semester, the course's activities will be organized in the classroom in individual work, then organized in groups and reviews. The latter represents an important moment of learning through the comparison with the teachers, in order to clarify doubts, to promote reflections and to gradually sediment the theoretical concepts.

The verification of learning - which aims to develop the specific skills of the urban planner architect - takes place during the entire semester of the course, through the various moments of comparison and discussion foreseen, through the evaluation of the themes of the semester, of the final oral exams, and of the student's career. The final exam takes place through the critical discussion of the theme of the semester represented through the written-graphic works and answers to questions about theories. The questions, asked on this occasion, will focus on the topics covered during the lessons and exercises. Therefore, the modality of the final exam of the Urban Planning Course is the Oral (and practical), although the verification of learning consists of numerous and diversified moments of comparison with the students, as described above. The vote will be the result of the average deriving from the evaluation of the theme of the semester, the oral exam and the Student's Career. The minimum learning requirements for passing the exam can be summarized as follows: basic knowledge of the Theories and Techniques of Urban Planning as learned during class hours, and deepened during complementary activities.

The course aims to provide a knowledge framework of the complex topic of building physics and building energy systems for air conditioning and comfort design. The course aims to provide students with knowledge related to the quantification and qualification of energy exchanges. The scope is to learn about the thermal, hygrometric, quality and air movement conditions within the values considered optimal for people's well-being. The course addresses this complex topic in a holistic manner starting from the regulatory provisions, to understand the methods that allow the achievement of individual well-being with the lowest energy consumption. The choices of building HVAC mechanical systems represent the formative core of this course. The aim of the course is to provide the student with all the knowledge necessary to carry out plant engineering design. The focus of the course is on design criteria, supported by the possibilities offered by modern calculation tools that will be presented.

The course aims to provide the fundamental physical concepts through the study of phenomena, physical laws and the definition of representative models related to energy management in buildings. The aim is to make the student capable of carrying out the examination of significant applications of these concepts also with numerical exercises, in order to develop a more conscious design process, enriching the student with knowledge of the technological aspects about the design of high performance buildings. In the first part of the course, the theoretical foundations of thermodynamics and heat transmission are developed. Subsequently, the aspects related to the evaluation of the methods of production, supply and use of energy in thermal cycles are presented. The course then describes the methodologies for evaluating the performance and efficiency in different types of architectures. Finally, attention is paid to the definition of building HVAC systems and renewable energy technologies.

Required skills include: • To know the principles of thermos-technical systems for construction and architecture. • To perform an energy balance of a building including designing high performance envelopes; • To be able to design the mechanical and air conditioning systems for a zero-energy building; • To know the operating principle of the main traditional and renewable technologies used in buildings • To be able design the distribution and supply system of thermal energy and ventilation systems.

The teaching including theoretical classes with exercise ones. The assessment of the achievement of the learning objectives is carried out through the development of a project paper consisting of a high performance building design to be presented in an oral exam. The written paper will be developed throughout the semester. The oral exam focuses on the discussion of the solutions reported in the written section and is intended to deepen the level of knowledge, the autonomy of analysis and judgment, as well as the student's presentation skills. The evaluation takes into account in a harmonious way the overall results achieved in the tests, considering the correctness and efficiency achieved in all the tests for the purposes of calculating the solution to the proposed problems, the methods used, the completeness of the answers, as well as the clarity in the presentation.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

These disciplines have in common the transmission to the student of the principles relating to the conception and modification of the built architectural form, in all its conditions and expressions (ancient form and new form) by addressing with historical-critical awareness and the indispensable technical competence the problematic issues that concern the discipline of restoration. The teachings pertaining to this area provide to the student the appropriate knowledge and understanding skills relating to the following aspects: - relationship between Analysis and Design - relationship between Design and Representation - relationship between Design and History - relationship between Project and Use - relationship between Type and Form in Architecture - relationship between Architecture and Place - relationship between Architecture and Space - relationship between Architecture and Construction

The design of the architectural heritage is the theme at the base of the disciplines involved within this laboratory. The research by design concentrates on the architectural and technical aspects involved in the growing need for the conservation and transformation of buildings, including those of cultural significance.

Fundamentals of the history of architecture and basic notions relating to graphic representation are considered important. These skills will help to identify the critical nodes and open (or unsolved) problems of one's own research (both design and critical) that deserve to be developed. The course presupposes Architectural Composition Studio for Heritage.

The Design Studio is structured through theoretical/methodological communications (of a general nature and introduction to the exercises) and exercises (drawing in the classroom) aimed at providing the student with the analytical tools and interpretative categories of architectural form and restauration techniques. This phase is aimed at developing the annual project that will be discussed during the exam.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course aims to provide the student with the techniques and methodological tools for the development of the heritage project in urban or landscape contexts. To achieve this goal, it identifies as a preliminary objective the achievement of the ability to recognize and read, by the student, the formal structures underlying such contexts, both those of older and more recent formation. Starting from its achievement, the course sets itself the further and main objective of transmitting to the student the principles relating to the conception of the project, understood as a transformation of the built form.

The theme of the course is the definition of a heritage project at the urban or landscape scale, meaning the tool through which to combine instances of conservation, protection, transformation and renewal. It therefore addresses those areas of crisis in the form of the city, both within consolidated urban areas and in those of more recent formation, or landscapes, both those affected by anthropic settlement structures and natural ones. The disciplines involved in the Laboratory contribute to it, through their respective cognitive and operational categories.

The course presupposes as a requirement the knowledge, by the student, of the fundamentals of architectural and urban composition for Heritage. Furthermore, the course of Architectural Composition Studio for Heritage, scheduled for the second semester of the first year, is a prerequisite for it.

The Design Studio is structured through theoretical/methodological communications (of a general nature and introduction to the exercises) aimed at providing the student with the analytical tools and interpretative categories for urban and landscape heritage, and design exercises, aimed at providing the student with the techniques for the design.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course aims to provide future architects with the methodological and operational tools and the regulatory and procedural references to correctly address and resolve the appraisal issues that will arise during their professional career. The reference, in particular, is to the appraisal of the goods being exchanged, to the appraisal of damages, to the evaluation of the costs of recovery and new construction of the artifacts, to the economic and financial evaluation of interventions on the city and the territory, to the restoration and protection of cultural heritage, to the enhancement of public and private assets. Students are also introduced to the problems of the public works sector, to the role and skills of the main players, to the sector regulations, to the procedures of procurement and accounting of the works.

Notions of Microeconomics. Fundamental definitions: consumer theory, theory of the firm; the market, exchange and price formation, market forms. Examples of application of the acquired notions. Notions of Financial Mathematics. Fundamental definitions: the transfer of capital over time and accumulation. Valuation. Fundamental definitions: the economic aspects of a good and the fundamental principles of Valuation; the phases of the appraisal, the appraisal procedures, the appraisal of buildings, the appraisal of building areas. Examples: direct appraisal and indirect appraisal by capitalization of income of the market value of an urban property; judgment of economic convenience and appraisal of the market value of a building area with the transformation value. Project Evaluation.

Knowledge of mathematics, urban planning, architectural design, and architectural technology is recommended.

The lessons are organized according to three main methods: a) lectures and seminars, held ex cathedra, by teachers and industry experts, aimed at providing theoretical principles, definitions, fundamental concepts, regulatory references and showing the practical implications of the disciplines that will be taken into consideration during the course (microeconomics, financial mathematics, appraisal, project evaluation); b) examples and case studies, commented by the teacher, aimed at showing how the theoretical principles are put into practice; c) exercises, carried out by students (individually or in small groups), with the aim of addressing the main problems of appraisal and economic evaluation of projects. Carrying out the exercises and passing them is mandatory for access to the final exam.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Identify the main movements and key figures of Architecture and languages from the 14th to the 18th century. Develop analytical skills to recognize the stylistic and functional characteristics of architectural works of the period covered by the course.

In-depth study of significant architectural projects in relation to the periods: Middle Ages, Renaissance and Baroque.

Knowledge of the main historical facts that preceded the period covered in the course and the interpretative tools for recognizing classical architecture

Teaching will take place through lectures and laboratory activities focused on the reading of architectural space through the critical redesign of the most significant architectures of the program.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Teaching will take place through lectures and laboratory activities focused on the reading of architectural space through the critical redesign of the most significant architectures of the program.

Topic 1 Mathematical preliminaries and Deformation analysis. 1.0 CFU Outlines of Tensor Algebra. Eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Deformation of a continuous body. Linear theory of deformation. Topic 2 Stress Analysis. 1.0 CFU Force systems for solid bodies. Euler's axioms. Stress tensor. Equations of equilibrium. Tensions and principal directions. Topic 3 Constitutive equations and elasticity. 1.0 CFU Stress-Deformation relationships. Linearly elastic and hyperelastic materials. Formulation of the elastic equilibrium problem. Topic 4 Beams behavior. 1.0 CFU General formulation. Normal forces. Simple bending. Shear. Torsion. Topic 5 Strength criteria and safety assessment. 0.5 CFU Strength of materials. Maximum and minimum normal stress criterion. Maximum tangential stress criterion. Von Mises criterion. Safety assessment. Topic 6 Beam analysis and design. 1.5 CFU Elastic beams and systems of elastic beams. Virtual works principle. Statically indeterminate structures. Design and assessment.

Fundamentals of Mathematical Analysis, Geometry, General Physics, Statics.

Blackboard lectures and exercises. The course will be supported by weekly meetings for clarifications of theoretical and applicative aspects of the subject, and tutoring students. Possible laboratory visits with illustration and execution of mechanical tests on construction materials.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course offers students a reflection on landscape theories from an aesthetic-philosophical point of view. The aim is to identify the connection between different approaches that converge in the design and protection of heritage landscapes.

The lessons will address the major themes of aesthetic reflection on landscape, intertwining philosophy and history of philosophy and establishing a dialogic relationship with complementary disciplines. In particular, the course will focus on the connection between ethics and aesthetics, landscape and art, retracing philosophical thought and the main aesthetic categories with which we interpret the notion of landscape.

Ability to question the aesthetic value of the images that form the basis of the experience of the landscape.

Frontal and participatory lessons, supported by the use of power point presentations. Group discussion on the issues and themes that emerged during the lessons

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Prova finale

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Lessons provide theoretical discussions and structural design activities through software. The final exam consists of an in person oral examination focused on theoretical issues and on the structural design reports.

The course will deal with the main topic related to Heritage management and enhancement. After providing student the main concept of Organizational Design, it will focus on the specific challenges posed by Heritage management and enhancement. Using the framework of the World Heritage system, it will deal with the concept of Outstanding Universal Value, analyze the heritage management systems, and understand the benefits of good managerial practices. Additionally, the course will focus on new approaches to heritage management and enhancement, ecosystem, innovation, the role of new technologies, and managing the cultural service experience. Finally, the course will deal with resource enhancement and performance management of Cultural Heritage.

Since the course hasn’t any preparatory exam, there aren’t particular required skills. The course will provide the main set of knowledge necessary to deal with Heritage management and enhancement.

The course will develop with lectures and exercises.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Identify the main movements and key figures of Architecture as well as the languages and urban contexts of contemporaneity. Develop the analytical skills to recognize the stylistic and functional characteristics of the architectural works of the international panorama with particular attention to the Mediterranean context.

In-depth study of architectural projects, meanings and pieces of cities in the 20th century.

Knowledge of the main historical facts that preceded the period covered in the course and the interpretative tools to recognize the architecture of the modern age

Teaching will be carried out through lectures and laboratory activities focused on the reading of architectural space and urban settlement principles while critically redesigning the most significant architecture and cities in the twentieth century.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Giudizio Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Teaching will be carried out through lectures and laboratory activities focused on the reading of architectural space and urban settlement principles while critically redesigning the most significant architecture and cities in the twentieth century.

The course includes: 1) Introduction to the Structural Design: structural safety, Limit states 2) The structural engineering materials: Concrete and steel 3) Conception of the structures: a) auction systems (struts and tie rods); b) framed systems (frames, reduced models, qualitative diagrams) 4) Reinforced Concrete structures: structural design, calculation through FEM models, reinforcements structural design. 5) Steel structures: structural design, calculation through FEM models, connections design.

The course requires knowledge of the concepts of Structural Mechanics and at least: 1) The Hook, Navier, Jourawski and Bredt theories; 2) Stress and Strain mechanics; 3) Euler–Bernoulli beam theory; 4) Solid mechanics.

Lessons provide theoretical discussions and structural design activities through software. The final exam consists of an in person oral examination focused on theoretical issues and on the structural design reports.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course aims to provide students with the techniques and methodological tools for the survey of historic buildings with advanced instrumentation and the development of sustainable energy design. To achieve this goal, a preliminary objective is identified as the student's attainment of the ability to recognise and read the morphological and constructive features, as well as the historical knowledge of the environment and the architectural context in which the buildings being researched arose. Starting from this achievement, the course sets as a further and main objective the acquisition by the student of a technical knowledge of the principles relating to the design of sustainable architecture projects.

Topic of the course is the definition of a project for heritage in the energy transition, as an act of synthesis through which to return the knowledge acquired by the technical-scientific disciplines, within a project of protection, transformation and enhancement. Critical issues between the characteristics of the construction of historic buildings in relation to modern energy adaptation technologies are therefore addressed, to the resolution of which the disciplines involved in the workshop contribute, through their respective cognitive and operational categories.

The course presupposes as a requirement the knowledge, by the student, of fundamentals of architectural design, as well as knowledge of the principles of environmental technical physics and building systems for the ecological transition in architectural heritage.

The Design Workshop is structured through theoretical/methodological communications (of a general nature and introduction to the exercises) aimed at providing the student with the tools for the survey and representation of the architectural heritage and a design application, aimed at providing the student with the techniques for architectural design in the energy transition.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course aims to provide the student with the theoretical and methodological techniques and tools for the development of the project for the archaeological and architectural heritage. To achieve this goal, it identifies as a preliminary objective the achievement of the ability to recognize and read, by the student, the formal structures underlying archaeological and architectural objects, as well as their historical-archaeological knowledge and awareness of the theories and techniques of restoration. Starting from its achievement, the course sets the further and main objective of the acquisition, by the student, of a critical awareness of the theories and principles relating to the conception of the project for archaeological and architectural heritage, as well as the techniques of its composition.

Topic of the course is the definition of a project for the heritage in its archaeological and architectural dimension, intended as a synthetic act through which to return the knowledge acquired from the historical-archaeological disciplines, as well as to combine instances of conservation, protection, transformation and enhancement. It addresses those areas of crisis of the architectural and archaeological form, to whose resolution the disciplines involved in the Laboratory contribute, through their respective cognitive and operational categories.

The course presupposes as a requirement the knowledge, by the student, of the fundamentals of architectural and urban composition for Heritage. Furthermore, the course of Design Studio for Architectural Heritage, scheduled for the first semester of the second year, is a prerequisite for it.

The Design Studio is structured through theoretical/methodological communications (of a general nature and introduction to the exercises) aimed at providing the student with the analytical tools and interpretative categories for architectural and archaeological heritage, and a design exercise, aimed at providing the student with the theories and techniques for the design.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

The course aims to provide the student with the theoretical and methodological techniques and tools for the development of the heritage project in urban or landscape contexts. To achieve this goal, it identifies as a preliminary objective the achievement of the ability to recognize and read, by the student, the formal structures underlying such contexts, both those of older and more recent formation. Starting from its achievement, the course sets itself the further and main objective of transmitting to the student the theories and principles relating to the conception of the project, understood as a transformation of the built form.

Topic of the course is the definition of a heritage project at the urban or landscape scale, meaning the tool through which to combine instances of conservation, protection, transformation and renewal. It therefore addresses those areas of crisis in the form of the city, both within consolidated urban areas and in those of more recent formation, or landscapes, both those affected by anthropic settlement structures and natural ones. The disciplines involved in the Laboratory contribute to it, through their respective cognitive and operational categories.

The course presupposes as a requirement the knowledge, by the student, of the fundamentals of architectural and urban composition for Heritage. Furthermore, the Design Studio for Urban and Landscape Heritage course, scheduled for the second semester of the second year, is a prerequisite for it.

The Design Studio is structured through theoretical/methodological communications (of a general nature and introduction to the exercises) aimed at providing the student with the analytical tools and interpretative categories for architectural and archaeological heritage, and a design exercise, aimed at providing the student with the theories and techniques for the design.

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria

Tipo esame: Orale - Valutazione: Voto Finale - Frequenza: Non obbligatoria