MANAGEMENT FOR ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSITION (MEET)

This contribution aims to provide advance skills in data management and computer programming for building algorithms suited to implement and deploy statistical methods and data analysis tools in practice. Combine quantitative skills with business and corporate knowledge to address business challenges, identify new business opportunities and support the management with data-driven strategies. Empower students with data visualisation tools, teamwork abilities, communication skills for an effective presentation and discussion of project results.

Regressione Logistica
Regression Trees
Classification Trees
Hierarchical Clustering
K-means Clustering

The examination consists in a written assignment.
The examination regulations are published on the course's Aulaweb page.

The questions and exercises of the written test are chosen to cover, as far as possible, all the topics of the exam program. In addition to the degree of understanding and the ability to apply knowledge, the correct use of the technical language of the discipline and the ability to read and correctly interpret statistical analyses constitute evaluation parameters.

Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman. "The Elements of Statistical Learning. Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction." Springer

Learning outcomes:
At the end of the teaching unit, the student will be able to:

• describe the definition and structure of the main derivative instruments, with reference to
  forward, futures, and option contracts;
• apply valuation principles and the main mathematical models to derivative pricing in standard contexts addressed during the course;
• use the binomial model for option pricing in exercises and assigned problems;
• explain the Black-Scholes-Merton model and its field of application within the analytical framework developed during the course;
• employ derivative instruments for risk hedging, arbitrage, and speculation in simple case studies.

This teaching aims to provide quantitative and interpretative tools for the main financial derivatives and their application.

The exam will be written and will contain questions on the theoretical and modeling features treated in the course as well as exercises.

There will be the Open Badge exam to asses the contents of each module.

Main reference: J. C. Hull, Options, futures, and other derivatives, 11th edition, Pearson, 2022.
Further readings: P. Wilmott, P. Howison and J. Dewynne, The Mathematics of Financial Derivatives: a Student Introduction, Cambridge University Press, 1995. T. Bjork, Arbitrage theory in continuous time, 4th edition, Oxford University Press, 2019.

This second module develops the application of the financial modelling largely introduced in the first module to the valuation of the fair price of financial derivatives. The teaching unit contributes to the study programme by providing tools for derivative analysis, the construction of hedging strategies, and the understanding of selected operational strategies based on these instruments.

This teaching unit is devoted to the study of financial derivatives, with particular attention to valuation principles, the main pricing models, and hedging strategies. The teaching unit is part of the study programme as an applied extension of the financial modelling developed in the first module.

The exam is written and includes questions on the theoretical and modelling aspects covered in the course, as well as applied exercises.

There will be the Open Badge exam to asses the contents of each module: An Open Badge assessment is planned to verify the contents of each module

Main reference: J. C. Hull, Options, futures, and other derivatives, 11th edition, Pearson, 2022.
Further readings: P. Wilmott, P. Howison and J. Dewynne, The Mathematics of Financial Derivatives: a Student Introduction, Cambridge University Press, 1995. T. Bjork, Arbitrage theory in continuous time, 4th edition, Oxford University Press, 2019.

Decision methods are tools available to organizations to support stakeholders in decision-making related to networks, system management, and project planning within the energy sector, including issues related to environmental and green transitions. The course introduces methods for identifying optimal decisions, conducting scenario analysis, and managing uncertainty, along with key performance indicators. Additionally, graph theory and network optimization models are proposed to address network design problems with predefined levels of connectivity, reliability, and sustainability. These tools are also useful for planning and controlling project activities.
The cluster aims to provide students with interdisciplinary knowledge and skills to understand, analyse and support decision-making, organizational and market processes related to the energy and environmental transition.
Students will acquire tools to:
understand the complexity of organizations and change processes;
analyse markets, consumers and marketing strategies from a sustainability perspective;
apply quantitative methods and decision support models;
evaluate strategic and operational alternatives under uncertainty;
integrate organizational, marketing and decision-making perspectives to address real problems in the energy and environmental sectors.

The cluster provides interdisciplinary training on the organizational, managerial, marketing and quantitative tools needed to address the challenges of the energy and environmental transition.
The cluster integrates 3 perspectives: on organizational design and change management, with particular attention to the transformation processes required by sustainability and green transition; on sustainable marketing, responsible consumers, green marketing and the application of operational marketing tools in energy and environmental contexts; on quantitative decision support methods, optimization, scenario analysis, uncertainty management, graphs, network optimization and project management.
The cluster (blended-learning model) combines asynchronous video lectures, in-person sessions, tutor-supported interactive teaching and e-tivities. This allows students to acquire theoretical knowledge flexibly and consolidate it through applications, case discussions, and individual and/or group activities.

Assessment is organized at module level, according to the specific methods defined by the instructors and communicated at the beginning of the teaching activities.
Exams may include:
written tests;
open-ended questions and/or applied exercises;
case-study analysis;
individual or group project work;
presentations;
assessment of e-tivities or activities carried out during the course.
Successful completion of the cluster requires passing the assessment activities of the six constituent modules.
At the end of the cluster, an integrated cluster project work must be finalized included. This activity is aimed at critically connecting the project works developed within the individual modules. Its purpose is to foster the integration of organizational, marketing and quantitative perspectives, encouraging students to reflect on the links between organizational change, sustainable marketing strategies and decision support methods in the context of energy and environmental transition.
The cluster project work will be discussed through an in-person presentation according to the modalities communicated by the instructors.

Assessment aims to evaluate:
knowledge of theoretical and methodological concepts related to organization, marketing and decision methods;
ability to apply models and tools to real problems in the energy and environmental sectors;
ability to analyse business cases, change processes, marketing strategies and decision problems;
ability to use quantitative methods, indicators, scenarios and network models;
ability to critically interpret results;
ability to communicate clearly, coherently and convincingly;
ability to work individually and in teams;
ability to integrate different perspectives to support sustainable decision-making.
The assessment of e-tivities and interactive activities may contribute to the final evaluation according to the specific rules defined by the instructors of each module.

Teaching materials, video lectures, slides, scientific papers, reports, case studies and reference textbooks will be indicated by the instructors of each module and made available through Learn and/or AulaWeb.
Some modules may include compulsory or recommended readings, scientific articles, supplementary materials, business cases and digital resources

The Financial Planning and Evaluation course equips students with (i) the essential knowledge on the main tools of corporate financial communication and (ii) the skills to develop and assess comprehensive financial plans. Emphasis is placed on evaluating financial plans' effectiveness and sustainability in the medium-long term. Students will learn to apply financial planning principles to real-world scenarios and enhance their decision-making abilities in financial planning contexts.
The course aims to develop students’ ability to design, evaluate, and manage financial strategies that support organizational goals. It focuses on budgeting, forecasting, and resource allocation, helping students understand how to plan for both short-term operations and long-term growth. The course also strengthens skills in interpreting financial data and aligning financial plans with strategic objectives. Particular attention is given to practical applications, including the specific challenges and investment dynamics typical of the energy sector.

1. Introduction to Financial Planning Role and objectives of financial planning. Financial planning within the corporate decision-making process. Relationship between financial planning, strategy, and value creation.
2. Financial Planning Tools Preparation and interpretation of budgets, financial forecasts, and projected financial statements. Assumptions, scenarios, and sensitivity analysis.
3. Evaluation of Financial Plans Assessment of the feasibility, consistency, and sustainability of financial plans. Analysis of financial performance, liquidity, funding needs, and long-term financial balance.
4. Financial Communication and Decision-Making Financial reporting as a tool for internal and external communication. Use of financial information to support managerial and investment decisions.
5. Financial Planning in Practice Development and evaluation of integrated financial plans through practical exercises and case studies. Discussion of alternative planning scenarios and their financial implications.
6. Financial Planning in the Energy Sector Application of financial planning and evaluation techniques to companies operating in the energy sector. Analysis of investment planning, capital allocation, financing choices, and selected industry-specific challenges through practical examples and case studies.

After the Course, the student will be able to: • Understand how firms operate in financial markets; • Understand firms’ optimal financing decisions; • Evaluate how investors’ price financial assets; • employ the main financial strategies with derivatives • model the financial market using stochastic calculus; • evaluate the price of the main financial derivatives; • calculate the hedging strategies for the financial derivatives; • Learn the strategical importance of sustainable finance in financial markets; • Evaluate firms’ ESG engagement and its implications for asset valuation; • Understand the main regulatory framework of sustainable finance; Evaluate sustainable financial products and instruments;

This teaching aims to provide quantitative and interpretative tools for the main financial derivatives and their application.

The exam will be written and will contain questions on the theoretical and modeling features treated in the course as well as exercises.

There will be the Open Badge exam to asses the contents of each module.

Main reference: J. C. Hull, Options, futures, and other derivatives, 11th edition, Pearson, 2022.
Further readings: P. Wilmott, P. Howison and J. Dewynne, The Mathematics of Financial Derivatives: a Student Introduction, Cambridge University Press, 1995. T. Bjork, Arbitrage theory in continuous time, 4th edition, Oxford University Press, 2019.

This third contribution aims to introduce statistical methods for decision making both for public and private organisations in the environmental field. After recalling basic statistical concepts, we introduce Statistics that enables building effective models for data analysis, inference and forecasting and to support the decision-making process.

Part I: Probability
Random experiments, outcomes, and events.
Probability and its axioms. Rules of probability.
Conditional probability and independence. Bivariate probabilities.
Discrete random variables and their properties.
Bernoulli, binomial, and Poisson distributions.
Continuous random variables and their properties.
Uniform and normal distributions.
Introductory elements of joint distributions.
Part II: Statistical inference
Sampling and sampling distributions.
Point estimation. Estimators and their properties.
Confidence intervals.
Basic concepts of hypothesis testing.
Tests for the comparison of means.
Part III: Relationships between variables
Correlation and linear regression. The simple and multiple linear regression model.
Statistical independence and the chi-square test.

The examination consists in a written assignment.
The examination regulations are published on the course's page.

The questions and exercises included in the individual written assignment are selected so as
to cover, as far as possible, all the topics in the exam syllabus. The assessment verifies:
knowledge of the tools of descriptive statistics, probability, and inference; the ability to select
and apply appropriate techniques; the ability to interpret the results of statistical analyses; and
the correct use of the technical language of the discipline.
Details on exam preparation and on the expected level of depth for each topic will be
illustrated and discussed during classes.

Newbold, Carlson, Thorne, Statistica. Nona edizione. Pearson (2021).

The course aims to provide the student with the knowledge of the relations between energy (supply, consumption, technology) and economy in the last century. The course will integrate the basic knowledge of economic history acquired in the bachelor program framing the following topics into an historical perspective: energy sources and their exploitation (geoeconomy and geopolitics of energy; technological paradygms) energy policies (economic policies, dependency and self sufficiency for energy consumption) energy and society (consumptions, living standards) the energy business (business history, history of companies and firms in the energy sector) energy and economic development LEARNING OUTCOMES At the end of the course, the student will know different aspects of the recent history of energy as a basic issue of the economic system and will be able to understand properly the various existing relations in this multidisciplinary field. That will give the students fundamental tools to analyze the world they live in. SYLLABUS/KEY WORDS History, economic history, business history. Environment, economic development. Energy sources. Supply and demand of energy. Geoeconomy and geopolitics of energy. Technology Firms

The course aims to provide the student with the knowledge of the relations between energy (supply, consumption, technology) and economy in the last two centuries. Special attention will be paid on the impact of economic activities on the environment.

The exam will be oral and will contain questions on the the topics treated in the course and in the texts and reading materials.

The exam will evaluate knowledge and understanding of the contents of the course with the goal of assessing the student’s ability to apply in economic analysis the tools and the methods learned.

Reading materials and bibliography will be indicated during the lessons and via aulaweb.

The teaching unit provides students with the conceptual and analytical tools needed to understand the rationales, principles, and main instruments of economic market regulation, with particular attention to the energy sectors. By the end of the teaching unit, students will have acquired the foundations required to interpret different regulatory frameworks, assess the economic implications of major regulatory choices, and place these issues within thebroader educational pathway in applied economics and market policy.

The teaching unit introduces the basic principles of market regulation, from market failures to the main approaches to the regulation of prices, quality, and investment, with particular attention to energy markets and to the role of institutions in the design and implementation of regulation.

Group work to be completed at home and presented to the class.

The project will be evaluated based on the accuracy of its content, clarity of presentation, use of terminology, and analytical and practical application skills.

Modern Economic Regulation
An Introduction to Theory and Practice
Christopher Decker
University of Oxford
last edition

The course covers the basic principles of market regulation, from market failures to the main approaches for regulating different type of prices, with a particular focus on energy markets and their special needs in term of regulation. In the first part of the course the issue of the different rationales for regulation are discussed, including the conventional rationale based on the definition of natural monopoly and the need for addressing allocative and productive efficiency; moreover, alternative ways to control or influence firms’ behavior are analyzed, like competition for the market, contestability, state ownership, reliance on competition law and negotiated agreements. In the second part of the course, after discussing the main type of industries structures typically observed in industries subject to regulation, the principles of regulation of the core network activities are analyzed, distinguishing among the principles that might inform the regulation of the activities that more closely resemble natural monopoly and those that might inform the competitive activities in the production chain. The analysis of the key pricing principles in different regulatory settings (full information, multi-product firms, imperfect information, multi-period context) is followed by the discussion of the methods by which price regulation is applied in practice to those activities where competition is limited or non-existent, like core network activities (pipes, cables, wires, rails). Such part of the course focuses on the general properties of each type of price regulation and provides a framework for the analysis of the more specific regulatory approaches applied in specific markets, with particular reference to energy markets (gas and electricity). Moreover, the course sets out the economic principles that might inform regulation in the presence of competition in some segments of the supply chain (eg. retailing or generation in energy sectors) and where the issue of the access to the network becomes relevant. The last part of the course discusses the main insights from behavioral industrial organization that has affected the regulatory principles and how such insights have been applied by regulators. Finally, after discussing the characteristics of the different institutions that influence and apply economic regulation in practice, the course analyzes the specific regulatory issues associated to energy markets. In particular the analysis includes the physical and economic characteristics of the gas and electricity sectors, the regulatory approach, the scope and effects of restructuring policies adopted in different countries and the regulatory policy issues. Within this framework, solid evidence and multiple anecdotes are delivered in order show the concrete relevance of theoretical developments and to facilitate the understanding of reality.

Chapter 6: Regulation in the presence of competition
The chapter examines economic principles for regulating in competitive settings, including the price and non-price terms for access to certain indispensable services or facilities.
Chapter 7: Behavioral Economics and Regulation
The chapter introduces key insights from behavioural economics and behavioural industrial organisation that challenge the standard assumptions about consumer decision making and firm behaviour.
Chapter 8: The Institutions of regulation
The chapter describes some of the characteristics of the institutions that apply economic regulation, such as independent economic regulators that have been established in many jurisdictions.
Chapter 9: Electicity Regulation
The chapter focus on the practice of economic regulation in the electricity industry. Describes the economic and technical characteristics of the industry; Discusses how the industry is regulated in different jurisdictions; Considers the evidence on the effects of regulation in that industry; Introduces current debates about the approach to regulation of the industry.
Chapter 10: Gas Regulation
The chapter focus on the practice of economic regulation in the gas industry. Describes the economic and technical characteristics of the industry; Discusses how the industry is regulated in different jurisdictions; Considers the evidence on the effects of regulation in that industry; Introduces current debates about the approach to regulation of the industry.

Modern Economic Regulation
An Introduction to Theory and Practice
Christopher Decker
University of Oxford
last edition

1) Ability to understand the complexity of the “energy issue,” with an awareness of the need to adopt different methodological approaches and different perspectives of analysis. 2) Acquisition of specific skills in terms of knowledge related to the topics covered in the different modules. 3) Acquisition of a method of analysis that presupposes, for each module, knowledge of the existence and usefulness of specific sources and tools, indispensable for any in-depth work. 4) Ability to realize with clarity and precision (conceptual and lexical) group and individual presentations and speeches. 5) The content on which the skills acquired in the cluster will be applied will specifically concern the economic, legal and historical-political spheres with particular reference to the links between markets, regulation and economic policies.

The course aims to provide the student with the knowledge of the relations between energy (supply, consumption, technology) and economy in the last two centuries. Special attention will be paid on the impact of economic activities on the environment.

The exam will be oral and will contain questions on the the topics treated in the course and in the texts and reading materials.

The exam will evaluate knowledge and understanding of the contents of the course with the goal of assessing the student’s ability to apply in economic analysis the tools and the methods learned.

Reading materials and bibliography will be indicated during the lessons and via aulaweb.

The course aims to develop students’ ability to analyse sectors characterized by essential infrastructures, high fixed costs and natural monopoly. Students will acquire the tools needed to understand the rationale for regulatory intervention, evaluate the main forms of tariff regulation and interpret the functioning of energy markets, with particular attention to electricity markets, price formation and the effects of the transition towards renewable energy sources..
By the end of the course, students will be able to: 1. Understand the main economic issues related to the exploitation of natural resources, with a particular focus on exhaustible resources and the market failures that arise in such contexts. 2. Critically analyze the inefficiencies in energy markets, especially in the electricity and gas sectors, by identifying their structural and economic causes. 3. Assess the environmental and social impacts of energy resource use, integrating economic analysis with considerations of sustainability and collective responsibility. Apply the acquired knowledge to the specific case of energy markets, using energy as a key case study to explore complex regulatory, environmental, and economic challenges.

The course provides the fundamental economic tools needed to understand public utilities and regulated energy markets. The first part introduces the analysis of natural monopoly, cost functions, economies of scale and the main forms of tariff regulation. The second part applies these concepts to the energy and electricity sector, analysing the organisation of the system, the functioning of European and Italian electricity markets, price formation, the role of regulatory authorities and the main challenges posed by the energy transition.

The main objective of the module is to provide students with the skills necessary to analyze and manage both traditional and renewable electrical systems. Students will develop technical and economic knowledge in the field of defining the operating point of large electrical systems, the economic distribution of conventional generation, electricity markets, and Energy Management Systems.

The main purpose of this module is to provide students competences on the electrical power systems by describing and using methodologies and technologies for the analysis and management of transmission and distribution systems. The module addresses a general description of the energy transition processes and main issues, a description of the electric energy system, the definition of the operating point, the dispatching of generation resources, the structure of the electricity market and the possible services to be offered to the electric system. A basic tool will be proposed for the analysis of electric power system operation and for economic dispatching. Energy management systems will be described and analyzed.

An oral examination, in which students must answer theoretical questions and/or solve numerical exercises related to the topics covered during the lessons. Results presented by the Students concerning the e-tivities will be kept into account.
Students with valid certifications for Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs), disabilities or other educational needs are invited to contact the teacher and the School's contact person for disability at the beginning of teaching to agree on possible teaching arrangements that, while respecting the teaching objectives, take into account individual learning patterns. Contacts of the teacher and the School's disability contact person can be found at the following link:
https://unige.it/commissioni/comitatoperlinclusionedeglistudenticondisabilita

The assessment covers the demonstration of having acquired the capacity of understanding the problems for managing and controlling traditional and renewable electric energy systems; the basic technical and economic analysis knowledges in the field of definition of the working point of a large electrical systems, economic dispatching of conventional generation, electric energy markets.
Students with a valid physical or learning disability certificate on file at the University of Genova may contact the Professor of the teaching unit to discuss appropriate ways to assess their individual preparation for the course in question. The student is asked to send an email to the Professor with a proper advance before the examination, inserting in copy the disability liaison ([email protected]).

Videos, lecture notes, other material supplied by the Lecturer.

The module's primary objective is to equip students with the skills necessary for analysing and managing traditional and renewable electricity generation plants, distributed generation systems, polygeneration microgrids, and electric mobility systems. Students will also develop technical and economic analysis skills in the field of renewable energy plants, cogeneration units and renewable energy communities, enabling them to create business plans for the energy sector.

This module covers the topics that form the basis of knowledge regarding electrical power systems, with a focus on their technical and economic applications in the context of the current energy transition. It describes traditional and renewable electricity generation plants, distributed generation systems, polygeneration microgrids, electric mobility systems and renewable energy communities. The module also provides the basis for developing business plan models in the energy sector.

An oral examination in which students are required to answer theoretical questions and/or solve numerical exercises related to the topics covered during the teaching activities. The final mark will also take into account the work carried out by students through the e-tivities, according to arrangements and weighting communicated by the teacher at the beginning of the teaching unit. The examination is intended in particular to assess the ability to evaluate technical and economic indicators, analyse systems and components, develop basic business plan analyses, and discuss smart charging strategies.
Students with valid certifications for Specific Learning Disorders (SLDs), disabilities or other educational needs may request compensatory/dispensatory measures for the examination. The arrangements will be defined on a case-by-case basis together with the Engineering School contact person of the University Committee supporting students with disabilities and SLDs. Students wishing to make such a request are invited to contact the teacher of the teaching unit well in advance, copying the Engineering School contact person (https://unige.it/commissioni/comitatoperlinclusionedeglistudenticondisabilita.html), without sending documents concerning their disability.

The assessment covers the acquisition of the theoretical knowledge and practical methodologies that are essential for the technical and economic analysis of electricity production systems (from both fossil and renewable sources), microgrids, polygenerative systems, renewable energy communities, and the electric mobility sector.

Videos, lecture notes, other material supplied by the lecturer.

L’insegnamento si propone di approfondire il tema della rendicontazione non finanziaria sugli aspetti ESG (ambientali, sociali e inerenti alla governance), sviluppando quindi competenze utili alla predisposizione e all’interpretazione delle informazioni contenute nei report di sostenibilità. Nello specifico, l'insegnamento ha come obiettivi principali: - Capire la pervasività delle istanze ESG nell’ambito delle attività aziendali; - Comprendere la rilevanza dell’informativa sugli aspetti ESG nell’attuale contesto economico; - Conoscere a quali obblighi sono soggette le aziende in tema di rendicontazione non finanziaria; - Conoscere principali modelli e standard di rendicontazione ESG a disposizione delle aziende; - Individuare quali figure professionali vengono coinvolte nella predisposizione e nell’assurance dei report non finanziari. Il corso prevede testimonianze aziendali e casi di studio applicativi

Il corso si concentra sulla rendicontazione di sostenibilità inerente gli aspetti ambientali, sociali e di governance (ESG) da parte delle imprese, alla luce dell’attuale quadro normativo europeo e delle tendenze globali in materia di sostenibilità. Attraverso lezioni frontali, testimonianze aziendali e casi di studio, il corso si propone di fornire una panoramica esaustiva delle motivazioni alla base della rendicontazione di sostenibilità, della normativa vigente e delle principali sfide che le aziende affrontano nella redazione di report di sostenibilità sia obbligatori che volontari. Inoltre, il corso affronta il ruolo dei professionisti coinvolti nella preparazione e nella revisione del report di sostenibilità.

Negli appelli ufficiali, l’esame consiste in una prova scritta.
La partecipazione attiva alle diverse attività organizzate durante lo svolgimento dell’insegnamento consentirà una valutazione in itinere complementare a quella conseguita tramite la prova finale.
Maggiori dettagli sulle modalità d'esame saranno comunicate agli studenti all'inizio del semestre attraverso la pagina ufficiale dell’insegnamento su Aulaweb e durante le prime lezioni.

La prova finale è volta a verificare che lo studente abbia compreso e sia in grado di comunicare efficacemente gli obblighi in tema di rendicontazione non finanziaria ai quali le aziende sono soggette, riuscendo a declinarli in funzione dello specifico contesto aziendale e in funzione della rilevanza di caso in caso attribuita ai fattori ESG. La capacità deduttiva e l’attitudine al ragionamento critico sono gli strumenti principali per lo studente per affrontare la prova finale e la valutazione in itinere.

Materiali di supporto allo studio saranno forniti durante il corso e resi disponibili su Aulaweb.

The Financial Planning and Evaluation course equips students with (i) the essential knowledge on the main tools of corporate financial communication and (ii) the skills to develop and assess comprehensive financial plans. Emphasis is placed on evaluating financial plans' effectiveness and sustainability in the medium-long term. Students will learn to apply financial planning principles to real-world scenarios and enhance their decision-making abilities in financial planning contexts.
The course aims to develop students’ ability to design, evaluate, and manage financial strategies that support organizational goals. It focuses on budgeting, forecasting, and resource allocation, helping students understand how to plan for both short-term operations and long-term growth. The course also strengthens skills in interpreting financial data and aligning financial plans with strategic objectives. Particular attention is given to practical applications, including the specific challenges and investment dynamics typical of the energy sector.

1. Introduction to Financial Planning Role and objectives of financial planning. Financial planning within the corporate decision-making process. Relationship between financial planning, strategy, and value creation.
2. Financial Planning Tools Preparation and interpretation of budgets, financial forecasts, and projected financial statements. Assumptions, scenarios, and sensitivity analysis.
3. Evaluation of Financial Plans Assessment of the feasibility, consistency, and sustainability of financial plans. Analysis of financial performance, liquidity, funding needs, and long-term financial balance.
4. Financial Communication and Decision-Making Financial reporting as a tool for internal and external communication. Use of financial information to support managerial and investment decisions.
5. Financial Planning in Practice Development and evaluation of integrated financial plans through practical exercises and case studies. Discussion of alternative planning scenarios and their financial implications.
6. Financial Planning in the Energy Sector Application of financial planning and evaluation techniques to companies operating in the energy sector. Analysis of investment planning, capital allocation, financing choices, and selected industry-specific challenges through practical examples and case studies.

The course of Financial statement analysis covers the fundamental techniques for analysing financial statements. These include: horizontal and vertical analysis of financial statements, calculation and interpretation of financial ratios, and cash flow analysis. Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to understand and critically examine corporate performance, liquidity, financial position and growth.

2. Financial Statements Structure and interpretation of the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. Relationships among the three statements.
3. Financial Ratio Analysis Key indicators of profitability, liquidity, solvency, efficiency, and leverage. Interpretation and limitations of ratio analysis.
4. Performance Assessment Trend analysis and benchmarking. Evaluation of financial performance and financial position to support business decisions.
5. Financial Statement Analysis in Practice Application of analytical tools to real company financial statements. Interpretation of results and communication of findings.
6. Financial Statement Analysis in the Energy Sector Application of financial statement analysis to energy companies. Discussion of selected financial indicators and performance drivers, highlighting the sector's distinctive characteristics through practical examples and case studies.

By the end of the course, students will be able to:
Analyze the major economic, political, social, and environmental crises of the current context, examining their scope and interrelationships within the framework of the polycrisis;
Analyze the role of uncertainty and risk in the transformation of consumer behavior, with reference to the building of trust between businesses and consumers;
Design trust-oriented marketing strategies in response to the market’s ethical and environmental expectations;
Define green marketing and sustainability marketing, situating them within the broader debate on corporate sustainability;
Recognize the importance of approaches aimed at creating positive externalities in economic, social, and environmental contexts;
Analyze the external and internal environments to understand the target market according to the principles of analytical marketing;
Segment the market based on sustainability and responsibility criteria, identifying the most relevant target groups and defining a positioning consistent with the values of contemporary consumers according to the principles of strategic marketing;
Describe the behaviors of sustainable consumers, with particular attention to demands for consistency and transparency in corporate operations;
Interpret sustainable consumption trends at the national and international levels, including through data and market research.

Program Overview:
The current consumer landscape: global and local trends, new lifestyles, and consumer cultures;
Contemporary crises: economic, political, climate, health, and social;
The concept of a polycrisis: origins, dynamics, and implications for the market;
Uncertainty, risk, and trust: how expectations and purchasing behaviors are changing;
Definition of trust-oriented marketing;
Definition and scope of green marketing and the broader field of sustainability marketing: origins, evolution, and prospects;
The new consumer: profiles, values, and motivations of the sustainable and responsible consumer;
Definition of the attitude-behavior gap: potential obstacles and solutions;
The importance of aligning corporate values and brand ethos with actual practices;
Analytical marketing: analysis of the external, competitive, and internal environments to assess the market situation in which the company operates;
Strategic marketing: segmentation, targeting, and positioning in the sustainability market;
Emerging trends: from the circular economy to the regenerative economy;
Case studies to help understand the theoretical concepts covered.

The exam consists of a written test designed to assess the student’s ability to discuss the topics covered in the course in a critical, comprehensive, and informed manner, drawing on concrete examples and real-world contexts.

The evaluation takes into account the accuracy and completeness of the answers, the ability to relate the course’s theoretical content to real-world contexts and case studies, the depth of critical analysis, and the quality of presentation and argumentation.

The required reading is:
Belz, F.M.; Peattie, K. (2012). Sustainability Marketing - A Global Perspective.
Digital note: https://www.egeaeditore.it/ita/prodotti/marketing-e-vendite/sustainability-marketing.as
Supplementary teaching materials (slides, scientific articles, industry reports, and case studies) will be provided via the University’s e-learning platform.

In the first part the course aims at providing an advanced knowledge of some relevant issues in the field of the multilevel regulatory framework (European law and domestic law) for energy markets (mainly electricity and gas). In particular, the course is focused on law, regulations and measures adopted for the promotion of competition in energy markets and the development of sustainable energy. In this perspective, after a general analysis focused on the European energy policies, the course studies special regulations that govern the production, transport, distribution and sale of electricity and gas, focusing on the pro-competitive regulation of energy markets imposed at European level. In addition, the course explores incentives and measures that stimulate the production of energy from renewable sources, in general and with particular reference to some sectors such as transport and sustainable mobility. Some business cases are discussed during the lessons. In the second part, the course provides a first-hand operational insight on the measures adopted by EU Member States, within the Next Generation EU framework (NGEU), with a particular focus on those lines of action that aim at promoting a balanced and result-oriented approach to renewable energies, energetic efficiency, sustainability and circular economy. The course adopts a practical and case-based teaching method, analysing relevant experiences in different Member States, looking at energy plants and networks, waste-to-energy and efficient waste management systems, green industrial conversion, sustainable agriculture, green local communities, new sustainable perspectives for and private real estate, as instruments for triggering a real green transition. The second part of the course comes as “natural consequence” of the first one and allows students to work together in research groups, having the chance to understand the economic effects of legislative measures in practice.

In the first part the course aims at providing an advanced knowledge of some relevant issues in the field of the multilevel regulatory framework (European law and domestic law) for energy markets (mainly electricity and gas). In particular, the course is focused on law, regulations and measures adopted for the promotion of competition in energy markets and the development of sustainable energy. In this perspective, after a general analysis focused on the European energy policies, the course studies special regulations that govern the production, transport, distribution and sale of electricity and gas, focusing on the pro-competitive regulation of energy markets imposed at European level. In addition, the course explores incentives and measures that stimulate the production of energy from renewable sources, in general and with particular reference to some sectors such as transport and sustainable mobility. Some business cases are discussed during the lessons. In the second part, the course provides a first-hand operational insight on the measures adopted by EU Member States, within the Next Generation EU framework (NGEU), with a particular focus on those lines of action that aim at promoting a balanced and result-oriented approach to renewable energies, energetic efficiency, sustainability and circular economy. The course adopts a practical and case-based teaching method, analysing relevant experiences in different Member States, looking at energy plants and networks, waste-to-energy and efficient waste management systems, green industrial conversion, sustainable agriculture, green local communities, new sustainable perspectives for and private real estate, as instruments for triggering a real green transition. The second part of the course comes as “natural consequence” of the first one and allows students to work together in research groups, having the chance to understand the economic effects of legislative measures in practice.

Oral exam in presence

This is an online course. Therefore recommended readings and bibliographi will be made avaliable through the online platform Learn Edunext

In the first part the course aims at providing an advanced knowledge of some relevant issues in the field of the multilevel regulatory framework (European law and domestic law) for energy markets (mainly electricity and gas). In particular, the course is focused on law, regulations and measures adopted for the promotion of competition in energy markets and the development of sustainable energy. In this perspective, after a general analysis focused on the European energy policies, the course studies special regulations that govern the production, transport, distribution and sale of electricity and gas, focusing on the pro-competitive regulation of energy markets imposed at European level. In addition, the course explores incentives and measures that stimulate the production of energy from renewable sources, in general and with particular reference to some sectors such as transport and sustainable mobility. Some business cases are discussed during the lessons. In the second part, the course provides a first-hand operational insight on the measures adopted by EU Member States, within the Next Generation EU framework (NGEU), with a particular focus on those lines of action that aim at promoting a balanced and result-oriented approach to renewable energies, energetic efficiency, sustainability and circular economy. The course adopts a practical and case-based teaching method, analysing relevant experiences in different Member States, looking at energy plants and networks, waste-to-energy and efficient waste management systems, green industrial conversion, sustainable agriculture, green local communities, new sustainable perspectives for and private real estate, as instruments for triggering a real green transition. The second part of the course comes as “natural consequence” of the first one and allows students to work together in research groups, having the chance to understand the economic effects of legislative measures in practice.

In the first part the course aims at providing an advanced knowledge of some relevant issues in the field of the multilevel regulatory framework (European law and domestic law) for energy markets (mainly electricity and gas). In particular, the course is focused on law, regulations and measures adopted for the promotion of competition in energy markets and the development of sustainable energy. In this perspective, after a general analysis focused on the European energy policies, the course studies special regulations that govern the production, transport, distribution and sale of electricity and gas, focusing on the pro-competitive regulation of energy markets imposed at European level. In addition, the course explores incentives and measures that stimulate the production of energy from renewable sources, in general and with particular reference to some sectors such as transport and sustainable mobility. Some business cases are discussed during the lessons. In the second part, the course provides a first-hand operational insight on the measures adopted by EU Member States, within the Next Generation EU framework (NGEU), with a particular focus on those lines of action that aim at promoting a balanced and result-oriented approach to renewable energies, energetic efficiency, sustainability and circular economy. The course adopts a practical and case-based teaching method, analysing relevant experiences in different Member States, looking at energy plants and networks, waste-to-energy and efficient waste management systems, green industrial conversion, sustainable agriculture, green local communities, new sustainable perspectives for and private real estate, as instruments for triggering a real green transition. The second part of the course comes as “natural consequence” of the first one and allows students to work together in research groups, having the chance to understand the economic effects of legislative measures in practice.

Oral exam in presence

This is an online course. Therefore recommended readings are available on the Learn Edunext online platform.

The Management Control 1 course is designed to comprehensively examine the core principles underpinning the interpretation and application of accounting information for decision-making, with a special focus on environmental transition. It analyses how management control systems integrate cost accounting tools with strategic corporate objectives to foster sustainable organizational performance

Management Control is a core unit in the 2-year master degree (MSc) which addresses the principles and logics underpinning the use of accounting information for internal planning and control purposes.

The course exam is a written exam. Further details will be provided at the beginning of the course.

The final exam aims at verifying the understanding of the key theoretical concepts and at testing the ability to solve business problems related to management accounting issues.

Teaching materials will be provided during the course and uploaded on the Aulaweb website.

The Management Control 2 course offers a thorough examination of the theoretical principles and practical approaches underpinning financial planning and control in corporate environments. It critically explores the processes involved in planning and monitoring the implementation of strategic initiatives, elucidating the essential accounting tools that empower managers to make well- informed decisions., such as budgeting and other programming tools.

Management Control 2 is a core teaching unit in the 2-year master degree (MSc) which addresses the principles and logics underpinning the use of accounting information for internal planning and control purposes.

The course exam is a written exam. Further details will be provided at the beginning of the course.

The final exam aims at verifying the understanding of the key theoretical concepts and at testing the ability to solve business problems related to management accounting issues.

Teaching materials will be provided during the course and uploaded on the Aulaweb website.

The course of ESG Performance Measurement provides a comprehensive overview of how to assess a company’s performance across the Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) dimensions. Drawing on leading and up-to-date frameworks, it equips students with the tools to enhance strategic and financial planning by analysing ESG objectives and identifying key performance indicators to track progress. Students will develop the ability to integrate sustainability considerations into business planning.

• Strategic performance measurement
• Financial KPIs and KPIs to measure ESG performance
• Performance measurement in environmental transition strategies and energy sector

The course exam is a written exam. Further details will be provided at the beginning of the course.

The final exam aims at verifying the understanding of the key theoretical concepts and at testing the ability to solve business problems related to measuring corporate performance.

Teaching materials will be provided during the course and uploaded on the Aulaweb website

The cluster is designed to equip students with a comprehensive understanding of managerial principles within the dynamic context of energy and environmental transitions. It aims to foster advanced strategic thinking skills essential for effective decision-making in complex business environments by presenting the key strategies that companies may adopt. Additionally, the course investigates the use of accounting information for internal planning and control, exploring the theoretical and methodological challenges that managers face in areas such as strategic planning, programming, and budgeting

The cluster presents the main strategies available to companies to cope with the energy transition and the challenges of the energy market. It also addresses accounting tools to support managerial decisions and strategy implementation.

Written exam. Further details will be provided at the beginning of the semester

The final examination aims to test knowledge and understanding of the topics covered. Practical applications of the acquired knowledge will also be proposed.

Upon completion of the course, students will be able to:
Apply the four elements of the marketing mix (product, price, communication, distribution) in business contexts related to energy and environmental sustainability, highlighting potential deviations from traditional models;
Assess a product’s sustainability throughout its life cycle, including through tools such as LCA (Life Cycle Assessment);
Analyze product strategies and packaging design in relation to the cradle-to-cradle approach—that is, circularity—and the environmental certifications obtained;
Analyze sustainable pricing strategies, willingness to pay for green attributes, and their market acceptance in terms of the gap between claims and actual behavior;
Examine the components of Total Consumer Cost (TCC), highlighting how a product that is more expensive in the short term may prove more economical in the long term due to the energy savings it offers;
Distinguish between authentic environmental communication and greenwashing, understanding the ethical, legal, and reputational implications, particularly in light of current regulations;
Monitor and manage online reputation in the context of environmental transition, using social listening tools such as sentiment analysis, content analysis, and emotion detection;
Design credible sustainable communication plans that are consistent with the company’s identity, its values, and the concrete actions it has implemented;
Evaluate the most appropriate distribution channels for products and services to reduce environmental impact, including digital and local distribution solutions.

Program Overview:
The operational marketing mix from a sustainability perspective: an introductory overview and key features;
The product lever: eco-design, product life cycle, environmental certifications, and international standards demonstrated through product packaging, and the cradle-to-cradle approach;
The price lever: sustainable pricing, perceived value, willingness to pay (the gap between stated and actual behavior), and models based on Total Consumer Cost (TCC);
The communication lever: environmental storytelling, authenticity, transparency, and consistency with corporate objectives, mission, and values;
Negative situations such as greenwashing: definition, types, emblematic cases, and the European regulatory framework;
Online reputation assessment through social listening, sentiment analysis, content analysis, and emotion detection;
The distribution lever: sustainable channels, green logistics, digital distribution, and selection of approaches between long and short channels;
Case studies: analysis of strategies implemented by players operating in relevant sectors and examination of future scenarios such as decarbonization and the new frontiers of environmental marketing;

The exam consists of a written test designed to assess the student’s ability to discuss the topics covered in the course in a critical, comprehensive, and informed manner, drawing on concrete examples and real-world contexts.

The evaluation takes into account the accuracy and completeness of the answers, the ability to relate the course’s theoretical content to real-world contexts and case studies, the depth of critical analysis, and the quality of presentation and argumentation.

The required reading is:
Belz, F.M.; Peattie, K. (2012). Sustainability Marketing - A Global Perspective.
Digital note: https://www.egeaeditore.it/ita/prodotti/marketing-e-vendite/sustainability-marketing.as
Supplementary teaching materials (slides, scientific articles, industry reports, and case studies) will be provided via the University’s e-learning platform.

The course aims to introduce decision support methods to address complex problems in the energy sector, including environmental challenges and the transition to sustainable solutions. Students will acquire knowledge of various management and optimization techniques, such as mathematical programming, scenario analysis along with key performance indicators and other tools for managing uncertainty

The cluster provides interdisciplinary training on the organizational, managerial, marketing and quantitative tools needed to address the challenges of the energy and environmental transition.
The cluster integrates 3 perspectives: on organizational design and change management, with particular attention to the transformation processes required by sustainability and green transition; on sustainable marketing, responsible consumers, green marketing and the application of operational marketing tools in energy and environmental contexts; on quantitative decision support methods, optimization, scenario analysis, uncertainty management, graphs, network optimization and project management.
The cluster (blended-learning model) combines asynchronous video lectures, in-person sessions, tutor-supported interactive teaching and e-tivities. This allows students to acquire theoretical knowledge flexibly and consolidate it through applications, case discussions, and individual and/or group activities.

The assessment may include a written examination (quiz with multiple and numerical questions) and the development of a project work (also in groups), according to the modalities communicated at the beginning of the course.

Assessment aims to evaluate:
knowledge and understanding of the theoretical concepts presented during the course;
ability to formulate and analyse decision problems;
ability to apply optimization and scenario analysis techniques;
ability to interpret results critically and communicate them effectively.

Teaching materials and references will be provided during the course and made available through AulaWeb.

After the successful completion of this course, the students will be able to: - Knowledge LO.I Demonstrate a critical awareness of discipline-based concepts and approaches to understanding the complexity of managing an organization. Acquire a deep understanding of the phenomenon of change. For example, describing and analyzing the reception of change management by employees at individual, group, and organizational levels while discerning and analyzing resistance and defense against change at individual, group, and organizational levels LO.II Demonstrate an understanding of how the acquired theoretical knowledge can be applied in practical business situations. Learn the various frameworks and practices associated with effective change management. Cognitive skills LO.III Demonstrate the ability to acquire and analyze data and information, evaluate their relevance and validity, and synthesize various information sources needed to develop a sophisticated understanding of a rapidly changing business context.

The cluster provides interdisciplinary training on the organizational, managerial, marketing and quantitative tools needed to address the challenges of the energy and environmental transition.
The cluster integrates 3 perspectives: on organizational design and change management, with particular attention to the transformation processes required by sustainability and green transition; on sustainable marketing, responsible consumers, green marketing and the application of operational marketing tools in energy and environmental contexts; on quantitative decision support methods, optimization, scenario analysis, uncertainty management, graphs, network optimization and project management.
The cluster (blended-learning model) combines asynchronous video lectures, in-person sessions, tutor-supported interactive teaching and e-tivities. This allows students to acquire theoretical knowledge flexibly and consolidate it through applications, case discussions, and individual and/or group activities.

Assessment is organized at module level, according to the specific methods defined by the instructors and communicated at the beginning of the teaching activities.
Exams may include:
written tests;
open-ended questions and/or applied exercises;
case-study analysis;
individual or group project work;
presentations;
assessment of e-tivities or activities carried out during the course.
Successful completion of the cluster requires passing the assessment activities of the six constituent modules.
At the end of the cluster, an integrated cluster project work must be finalized included. This activity is aimed at critically connecting the project works developed within the individual modules. Its purpose is to foster the integration of organizational, marketing and quantitative perspectives, encouraging students to reflect on the links between organizational change, sustainable marketing strategies and decision support methods in the context of energy and environmental transition.
The cluster project work will be discussed through an in-person presentation according to the modalities communicated by the instructors.

Assessment aims to evaluate:
knowledge of theoretical and methodological concepts related to organization, marketing and decision methods;
ability to apply models and tools to real problems in the energy and environmental sectors;
ability to analyse business cases, change processes, marketing strategies and decision problems;
ability to use quantitative methods, indicators, scenarios and network models;
ability to critically interpret results;
ability to communicate clearly, coherently and convincingly;
ability to work individually and in teams;
ability to integrate different perspectives to support sustainable decision-making.
The assessment of e-tivities and interactive activities may contribute to the final evaluation according to the specific rules defined by the instructors of each module.

For students who prefer the guidance of a textbook, we recommend the following “course companion” textbooks:
Organizational Behavior Managing People and Organizations
Ricky W. Griffin, Jean M. Philips and Stanley M. Gully (Authors)
Imprint: South-Western Pub Date: 2016 or later Edition: International Edition 12th Edition
Publisher: Cengage Learning, Inc Published in: United States
This book can support the attending students, while it is mandatory for non-attending students, and the chapters to be studied are listed in the detailed schedule presented at the end of the syllabus. It can be useful because it incorporates most of the topics discussed in the course andplaces them into coherent intellectual contexts (in particular: Individual differences, motivation, groups, culture, Teams and Leadership, Organizational Design, and Organizational Change). Note, however, that for attending students, this book is not a replacement for the assignedlecture notes and slides, as they may follow a different organization: some issues that we cover in-depth in the course in class receive only brieftreatment in the book, and vice versa.
2. Leading change
John P. Kotter (Authors)
Pub Date: 2012
Publisher: Harvard Business Review Press Published in: United States
This book and Lewin’s framework will be the base of our processual view on change. We will move from using our tools for diagnosis (understanding why and what) to how to implement changes and make them stick. For non-attending students, the entire book is mandatory for the exam.

LO.IV Demonstrate skills in interdisciplinary analysis, drawing upon different empirical sources, analytical perspectives, and sub-disciplines within management studies. Professional skills LO.V Communicate effectively and convincingly on a factual supported basis, both orally and in writing. Practice developing an effective change plan in a supportive and collaborative work environment. LO.VI Develop awareness regarding your personal capacity to handle change. Have skills in time management and planning work assignments. LO.VII Demonstrate an ability to work effectively in teams.

The cluster provides interdisciplinary training on the organizational, managerial, marketing and quantitative tools needed to address the challenges of the energy and environmental transition.
The cluster integrates 3 perspectives: on organizational design and change management, with particular attention to the transformation processes required by sustainability and green transition; on sustainable marketing, responsible consumers, green marketing and the application of operational marketing tools in energy and environmental contexts; on quantitative decision support methods, optimization, scenario analysis, uncertainty management, graphs, network optimization and project management.
The cluster (blended-learning model) combines asynchronous video lectures, in-person sessions, tutor-supported interactive teaching and e-tivities. This allows students to acquire theoretical knowledge flexibly and consolidate it through applications, case discussions, and individual and/or group activities.

Assessment is organized at module level, according to the specific methods defined by the instructors and communicated at the beginning of the teaching activities.
Exams may include:
written tests;
open-ended questions and/or applied exercises;
case-study analysis;
individual or group project work;
presentations;
assessment of e-tivities or activities carried out during the course.
Successful completion of the cluster requires passing the assessment activities of the six constituent modules.
At the end of the cluster, an integrated cluster project work must be finalized included. This activity is aimed at critically connecting the project works developed within the individual modules. Its purpose is to foster the integration of organizational, marketing and quantitative perspectives, encouraging students to reflect on the links between organizational change, sustainable marketing strategies and decision support methods in the context of energy and environmental transition.
The cluster project work will be discussed through an in-person presentation according to the modalities communicated by the instructors.

Assessment aims to evaluate:
knowledge of theoretical and methodological concepts related to organization, marketing and decision methods;
ability to apply models and tools to real problems in the energy and environmental sectors;
ability to analyse business cases, change processes, marketing strategies and decision problems;
ability to use quantitative methods, indicators, scenarios and network models;
ability to critically interpret results;
ability to communicate clearly, coherently and convincingly;
ability to work individually and in teams;
ability to integrate different perspectives to support sustainable decision-making.
The assessment of e-tivities and interactive activities may contribute to the final evaluation according to the specific rules defined by the instructors of each module.

For students who prefer the guidance of a textbook, we recommend the following “course companion” textbooks:
Organizational Behavior Managing People and Organizations
Ricky W. Griffin, Jean M. Philips and Stanley M. Gully (Authors)
Imprint: South-Western Pub Date: 2016 or later Edition: International Edition 12th Edition
Publisher: Cengage Learning, Inc Published in: United States
This book can support the attending students, while it is mandatory for non-attending students, and the chapters to be studied are listed in the detailed schedule presented at the end of the syllabus. It can be useful because it incorporates most of the topics discussed in the course andplaces them into coherent intellectual contexts (in particular: Individual differences, motivation, groups, culture, Teams and Leadership, Organizational Design, and Organizational Change). Note, however, that for attending students, this book is not a replacement for the assignedlecture notes and slides, as they may follow a different organization: some issues that we cover in-depth in the course in class receive only brieftreatment in the book, and vice versa.
2. Leading change
John P. Kotter (Authors)
Pub Date: 2012
Publisher: Harvard Business Review Press Published in: United States
This book and Lewin’s framework will be the base of our processual view on change. We will move from using our tools for diagnosis (understanding why and what) to how to implement changes and make them stick. For non-attending students, the entire book is mandatory for the exam.

Decision methods are tools available to organizations to support stakeholders in decision-making related to networks, system management, and project planning within the energy sector, including issues related to environmental and green transitions. The course introduces methods for identifying optimal decisions, conducting scenario analysis, and managing uncertainty, along with key performance indicators. Additionally, graph theory and network optimization models are proposed to address network design problems with predefined levels of connectivity, reliability, and sustainability. These tools are also useful for planning and controlling project activities.
The cluster aims to provide students with interdisciplinary knowledge and skills to understand, analyse and support decision-making, organizational and market processes related to the energy and environmental transition.
Students will acquire tools to:
understand the complexity of organizations and change processes;
analyse markets, consumers and marketing strategies from a sustainability perspective;
apply quantitative methods and decision support models;
evaluate strategic and operational alternatives under uncertainty;
integrate organizational, marketing and decision-making perspectives to address real problems in the energy and environmental sectors.

The cluster provides interdisciplinary training on the organizational, managerial, marketing and quantitative tools needed to address the challenges of the energy and environmental transition.
The cluster integrates 3 perspectives: on organizational design and change management, with particular attention to the transformation processes required by sustainability and green transition; on sustainable marketing, responsible consumers, green marketing and the application of operational marketing tools in energy and environmental contexts; on quantitative decision support methods, optimization, scenario analysis, uncertainty management, graphs, network optimization and project management.
The cluster (blended-learning model) combines asynchronous video lectures, in-person sessions, tutor-supported interactive teaching and e-tivities. This allows students to acquire theoretical knowledge flexibly and consolidate it through applications, case discussions, and individual and/or group activities.

Assessment is organized at module level, according to the specific methods defined by the instructors and communicated at the beginning of the teaching activities.
Exams may include:
written tests;
open-ended questions and/or applied exercises;
case-study analysis;
individual or group project work;
presentations;
assessment of e-tivities or activities carried out during the course.
Successful completion of the cluster requires passing the assessment activities of the six constituent modules.
At the end of the cluster, an integrated cluster project work must be finalized included. This activity is aimed at critically connecting the project works developed within the individual modules. Its purpose is to foster the integration of organizational, marketing and quantitative perspectives, encouraging students to reflect on the links between organizational change, sustainable marketing strategies and decision support methods in the context of energy and environmental transition.
The cluster project work will be discussed through an in-person presentation according to the modalities communicated by the instructors.

Assessment aims to evaluate:
knowledge of theoretical and methodological concepts related to organization, marketing and decision methods;
ability to apply models and tools to real problems in the energy and environmental sectors;
ability to analyse business cases, change processes, marketing strategies and decision problems;
ability to use quantitative methods, indicators, scenarios and network models;
ability to critically interpret results;
ability to communicate clearly, coherently and convincingly;
ability to work individually and in teams;
ability to integrate different perspectives to support sustainable decision-making.
The assessment of e-tivities and interactive activities may contribute to the final evaluation according to the specific rules defined by the instructors of each module.

Teaching materials, video lectures, slides, scientific papers, reports, case studies and reference textbooks will be indicated by the instructors of each module and made available through Learn and/or AulaWeb.
Some modules may include compulsory or recommended readings, scientific articles, supplementary materials, business cases and digital resources

The course is organized around the following core topics: corporations and financial markets; financial statement analysis; time value of money; financial decision making and the law of one price; capital budgeting; interest rates; risk and return; CAPM and portfolio theory; estimation of the cost of capital; efficient market theory; Modigliani and Miller model; financial distress, managerial incentives, and information.

1. The corporation and financial markets
2 The corporation and financial markets II
3 Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis
4 Introduction to Financial Statement Analysis II
5 The Time Value of Money
6 The Time Value of Money II
7 Financial Decision Making and the Law of One Price
8 Financial Decision Making and the Law of One Price II
9 Fundamentals of Capital Budgeting
10 Fundamentals of Capital Budgeting II
11 Fundamentals of Capital Budgeting III
12 Interest rate
13 Risk and return
14 Risk and return (2)
15 Risk and the opportunity of cost of capital
16 CAPM and Portfolio theory
17 CAPM and Portfolio theory (2)
18 CAPM and Portfolio theory (3)
19 Estimating the cost of capital
20 Estimating the cost of capital (2)
21 Efficient Market Theory
22 Efficient Market Theory (2)
23 M&M model
24 M&M model (2)
25 Financial Distress, Managerial Incentives, and Information
26 Financial Distress, Managerial Incentives, and Information (2)

Assessment methods and exam dates will be communicated through the official UniGe channels and the course platform.

The course provides students the basics of Optimization, which are most relevant to the operational planning of enterprises. The course aims to develop optimization models and provide mathematical programming methods, both exact and heuristic, for decision-makers. Students are also provided with the necessary knowledge to understand the structure of an optimization algorithm and to implement it with Python. By the end of the course, students will have the skills necessary to identify the methodological approach needed to address a problem and the ability to implement in Python that method to determine solutions.

Optimization is a discipline included in decision science and management science. The course introduces the fundamentals of the discipline and the role of the Python programming language in the context of optimization.

The exam consists of a written test comprising short-answer questions, multiple-choice questions, and brief exercises. Students who achieve a minimum grade of 18/30 will pass the exam.

Knowledge and skills will be assessed through online tests and exercises during class, evaluating the ability to apply optimization methods to proposed problems, the correctness of solutions implemented in Python, and clarity of exposition. Assessment criteria include: correctness of answers, appropriate use of terminology, analytical and synthesis skills.

The following books, articles and link are suggested.
Hillier, Lieberman, “Introduction to Operations Research”, McGraw Hill, 2016.
Downey, A., et al. "Thinking python. 2.0". Green Tea Press Supplemental Material:, 2012.
https://coin-or.github.io/pulp/index.html

This cluster provides an integrated and multidisciplinary perspective of the technical, analytical, regulatory, and strategic dimensions related to the energy business and environmental transition. Students acquire skills to design, analyze, and manage complex energy systems and business environments, while addressing operational and policy-related aspects of energy system implementation. Through a balance of theory and practical application, the cluster prepares participants to operate in complex decision-making contexts and interpret evolving business scenarios, contributing to innovation and sustainability in the energy sector.

Regressione Logistica
Regression Trees
Classification Trees
Hierarchical Clustering
K-means Clustering

The final examination will take place in person and marks the point at which the mark is recorded on the student’s academic record and the 15 ECTS credits for the entire cluster are awarded

The course involves the award of Open Badges upon successful completion of the modules and a final assessment (in-person exam) at the end of the entire course (once the 15 cfu have been earned)

Trevor Hastie, Robert Tibshirani, Jerome Friedman. "The Elements of Statistical Learning. Data Mining, Inference, and Prediction." Springer

This fourth contribution focuses on analytical and quantitative methods to support strategic decision-making processes in the energy sector. It presents fundamental frameworks for strategy formulation and industry analysis, with a focus on value creation and forces of competition. It provides pillars to understand how big data and artificial intelligence have changed strategic decisions and practical guidelines to manage big data challenges in decision-making.

This course focuses on analytical and quantitative methods aimed at supporting strategic decision-making processes in the energy sector. It presents frameworks for strategy formulation and industry analysis, with a focus on value creation and forces of competition. The course provides insights to understand how big data and artificial intelligence have changed strategic decisions and practical guidelines to manage big data challenges in decision-making.

The final examination will consist of a written test designed to assess understanding of the theoretical concepts and application of the analytical tools covered in the course. Further guidance on assessment methods will be provided during the course.

The questions in the written test focus on the fundamental themes and concepts covered in the course. Case studies are designed to measure the students’ ability to apply knowledge to real-world scenarios. Assessment criteria include the degree of understanding of key concepts, decision-making scenarios and analytical ability, as well as the appropriate use of disciplinary language.

Grant, R. M. (2021). Contemporary strategy analysis. John Wiley & Sons. [Limited to the parts indicated by the lecturer]
Ahmad, T., Zhang, D., Huang, C., Zhang, H., Dai, N., Song, Y., & Chen, H. (2021). Artificial intelligence in sustainable energy industry: Status Quo, challenges and opportunities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 289, 125834.
Sivarajah, U., Kamal, M. M., Irani, Z., & Weerakkody, V. (2017). Critical analysis of Big Data challenges and analytical methods. Journal of Business Research, 70, 263-286.

This module explores key strategies used by companies in the energy sector, including vertical integration, diversification, differentiation, and innovation. These strategic approaches will be examined in the context of the specific characteristics and dynamics of different energy sub- sectors, providing students with a structured understanding of how firms compete and adapt within this complex and evolving industry

The cluster presents the main strategies available to companies to cope with the energy transition and the challenges of the energy market. It also addresses accounting tools to support managerial decisions and strategy implementation.

Written exam. Further details will be provided at the beginning of the semester

The final examination aims to test knowledge and understanding of the topics covered. Practical applications of the acquired knowledge will also be proposed.

This module analyzes key strategies for promoting environmental sustainability in the energy sector, including green innovation. These strategies will be examined in relation to the specific characteristics of different energy sub-sectors, providing students with a structured understanding of how companies compete and adapt while promoting sustainable practices in a dynamic and complex environment

The course aims to encourage students to learn the fundamental knowledge about the energy sector and the main business strategies connected to it.

The exam will take place orally. However, if there are more than 20 students, the teacher reserves the right to have a first written test and a second subsequent oral evaluation for all those students who have reached the assessment of at least 18. Moreover, if the oral examination is preceded by the written one, it will involve a final evaluation which will be no more or less than three marks compared to the written grade.

The exam will evaluate students' knowledge of the topics covered during the course and their ability to think and analyze the problems about main course issues.

the course aims to investigate the role that financial system can play in addressing economic systems towards a higher degree of climate (and not only climate) sustainability. Using theoretical model and case studies the course aims to combine the traditional corporate finance, financial markets and banking topics with that coming from sustainable finance. More in details, moving from the normative framework developed by the “EU sustainable finance action plan” this program will deal with the methods and instruments useful to guide capital flows towards sustainable investments ; the metrics and process necessary to integrate sustainability factors into risk management and finally the policy necessary to enhance sustainability transparency ( for example EU Taxonomy) and to redirect corporate governance towards stakeholder capitalism systems.

The programme below consolidates Sustainable Finance 1 and Sustainable Finance 2 into a single 6-CFU course.

The assessment follows the exam procedures indicated for the course on the UniGe platform. Detailed assessment arrangements, including any updates for the unified 6-CFU course, will be communicated by the lecturer and through the official course channels.

Sustainable Finance aims to investigate the role that the financial system can play in steering economic systems towards a higher degree of climate and broader sustainability. Using theoretical models and case studies, the course combines traditional corporate finance, financial markets and banking topics with the themes and tools of sustainable finance.
More specifically, starting from the normative framework developed by the EU Sustainable Finance Action Plan, the course addresses the methods and instruments used to guide capital flows towards sustainable investments; the metrics and processes required to integrate sustainability factors into risk management; and the policies designed to enhance sustainability transparency, including the EU Taxonomy, and to redirect corporate governance towards stakeholder-capitalism systems.

The programme below consolidates Sustainable Finance 1 and Sustainable Finance 2 into a single 6-CFU course.

The official UniGe pages list the following exam dates for the 2025/2026 academic year. Dates for later academic years should be checked on the official UniGe course page and timetable services

The assessment follows the exam procedures indicated for the course on the UniGe platform. Detailed assessment arrangements, including any updates for the unified 6-CFU course, will be communicated by the lecturer and through the official course channels.

Il tirocinio curriculare è un periodo di orientamento e formazione svolto presso aziende, enti pubblici o professionisti convenzionati con l’Università di Genova, durante il quale lo studente ha l’opportunità di applicare in un contesto lavorativo le conoscenze e le competenze acquisite durante il percorso di studio, sviluppare capacità operative e acquisire maggiore consapevolezza nelle future scelte professionali.

La presente scheda riguarda i tirocini da 6 cfu riferiti ai corsi di laurea triennali CLEA,CLEAMLT e SEF e ai corsi di Laurea Magistrali AFC, EDS, EMMP, MAN e MEET afferenti al Dipartimento di Economia.

Al termine del tirocinio, il tutor aziendale redige la relazione finale che viene successivamente sottoposta all’approvazione del tutor accademico. In caso di esito positivo, i CFU acquisiti sono registrati nel libretto elettronico dello studente.

Expected Learning Outcomes Use the ecosystem services approach in combination with standard microeconomic theory to model basic issues of natural resource management Use the appropriate environmental valuation methods to assess the value of non-market environmental resources Apply those learning outcomes to real-world scenarios.
The module aims to provide students with the basic theoretical and applied tools needed to understand the economic use of natural resources, the criteria for their sustainable management and the economic value of natural capital.
In particular, the course aims to develop students’ ability to analyse the exploitation of natural resources over time, distinguishing between exhaustible, renewable and common resources; to understand the issues related to scarcity, open access, regeneration and stock conservation; and to assess the role of institutions, regulation, property rights and policy instruments in the sustainable management of resources.
The course also introduces the concept of natural capital, ecosystem services and the main methods of environmental economic valuation, highlighting their relevance for public policies, the energy transition and corporate social and environmental responsibility.

The module introduces the main topics in natural resource economics and the sustainable management of natural capital. The course analyses natural resources as economic stocks subject to scarcity, depletion, regeneration and collective use, distinguishing between exhaustible, renewable and common resources.
The module also provides the basic tools needed to understand the economic value of natural capital and ecosystem services, as well as the role of environmental economic valuation in public policies, sustainable planning and corporate environmental responsibility strategies.
The course provides an introductory basis for the subsequent analysis of public utilities, economic regulation, energy markets and energy transition policies.