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Lezione 15
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- Nuclear physics began with Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen's discovery of X-rays in 1895, which were later understood to be electromagnetic waves.
- In 1896, Henri Becquerel discovered natural radioactivity through uranium crystals, leading to the identification of alpha, beta, and gamma rays by Ernest Rutherford.
- The atomic model was refined by experiments like those conducted by Geiger and Marsden in 1909 and Rutherford's development of the Rutherford model in 1911.
- In 1932, James Chadwick discovered the neutron through reactions involving beryllium and boron, leading to a better understanding of atomic nuclei composition.
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