Appunti VERIFICATO
Appunti del primo semestre di History and industry of international cinema
Cattolica del Sacro Cuore scienze linguistiche Curriculum lingue, comunicazione, media e culture digitali 2023
214 visualizzazioni
Nessun voto ancora
Di cosa parla
Riassunto AI · si legge in un minuto
The history of international cinema began with the Lumiere Brothers introducing moving images and Méliès pioneering special effects. Early editing evolved with Edwin Stanton Porter and D.W. Griffith, whose 'Birth of a Nation' revolutionized storytelling. Hollywood rose as a global industry, shaped by major studios (Paramount, MGM, Disney), powerful producers, and talent agencies like CAA, with Lew Wasserman a key figure. Silent era stars Buster Keaton and Charlie Chaplin defined early genres, while Sergej Ejzenstejn innovated editing techniques like the Kuleshov effect, and German Expressionism explored psychological themes. The industry transitioned to sound, embraced musicals, faced WWII propaganda, and adapted from monopolies to a portfolio system, continually focusing on audience targeting.
Leggi il riassunto completo
- Foundations of Cinema:
- The Lumiere Brothers pioneered early cinema in 1895, capturing reality in films like "Employees leaving the Lumiere factory."
- Georges Méliès introduced special effects and fantasy, most notably in "Voyage to the Moon."
- Early editing techniques were developed by Edwin Stanton Porter and D.W. Griffith. Griffith's "Birth of a Nation" (1915) was innovative for parallel editing, camera movement, flashbacks, and close-ups, though controversial due to its racial themes.
- The Rise of Hollywood Industry:
- From the 1920s, the US became a global leader in film production, with the first color film appearing in 1927.
- Hollywood transformed into a major industry, dominated by powerful studios (Disney, Paramount, Warner Bros, Universal, Columbia), often founded by Jewish immigrants.
- The cinema system involves major companies, producers (project leaders), talents (actors, directors, cinematographers), and talent agencies (e.g., William Morris/Endeavor, ICM, CAA) that manage careers, package projects, and earn a 10% commission.
- Lew Wasserman was a pivotal agent who introduced profit participation for actors and influenced politics.
- Genres and Artistic Movements:
- Comic Genre: Silent film stars included Buster Keaton, known for physical gags, and Charlie Chaplin, who blended comedy with tragedy, creating emotional depth in films like "The Kid."
- Soviet Cinema: Sergej Michajlovic Ejzenstejn ("Battleship Potemkin," 1925) revolutionized editing through concepts like the Kuleshov effect and intellectual montage, producing politically charged films.
- German Expressionism: A 1920s movement that explored deeper psychological aspects of the human mind, influencing directors such as Hitchcock and Fritz Lang ("Metropolis").
- Industry Evolution and Challenges:
- The transition from silent to sound cinema in the 1920s-30s led to the popularity of musicals.
- In the 1940s, cinema attendance was high, but the studio monopoly on production and distribution was broken by a court ruling in 1948.
- The film industry faced challenges during WWII, with cinema being used for propaganda by regimes like Hitler's and directors like Leni Riefenstahl.
- A crisis in American cinema during the 1980s-90s was partly attributed to a perceived departure from traditional American values.
- Modern studios operate on a portfolio system, aiming for a few blockbusters to offset other productions.
- The industry has increasingly focused on segmenting and targeting specific audiences (e.g., male/female, under/over 25).
Riassunto generato con l'intelligenza artificiale a partire dagli appunti. Come lo facciamo
Stai vedendo l'anteprima delle prime pagine. Registrati per sbloccare le pagine restanti.
Studia questi appunti con l'AI
Riassunto e domande d'esame sono gratis: chiedili e ti mandiamo un'email quando sono pronti.
In preparazione: di solito è pronto in giornata.
Registrati e scarica gratis questo appunto.
Simula l'esame con domande costruite su questi appunti.