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Argenton - Molecular biology of deveopment
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- At fertilization, the sperm and egg fuse to form a diploid zygote which begins proliferation; cell cycles are fast and synchronous with no G1 or G2 phases.
- The blastula stage involves thousands of cells with an internal cavity (blastocoel); gastrulation leads to formation of three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
- Roux's experiment showed that cells maintain their original fate independently in the embryo, supporting mosaic development; Driesch's experiment suggested regulative development where cell fates are determined by neighbors.
- The Spemann organizer graft demonstrated embryonic induction, showing how signals from one region can instruct the fate of other tissues during gastrulation.
- Vogt developed fate mapping techniques using dyes and agar chips to trace cell lineages; modern methods include genetic labeling with GFP or transgenic animals.
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