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interventional radiology
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- Interventional radiology involves both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures guided by imaging, focusing on percutaneous access to arteries, veins, and fluid collections; it includes fields such as cardiology, oncology, neurology, and fertility.
- Diagnostic procedures include biopsies for defining lesions, cytomolecular staging, and pre-surgical planning. Techniques involve US or CT guidance, with US preferred for superficial organs and CT for deeper tissues to avoid complications.
- Treatment through interventional radiology involves vascular (e.g., stent placement), non-vascular (e.g., biliary tree, urinary system), and oncological procedures; materials include needles (Seldinger or Chiba), guide-wires, and catheters. Stents are tubular metallic structures covered in PTFE to maintain vessel patency.