Appunti VERIFICATO
Appunti di Storia dell'Architettura Contemporanea
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- Paul Klee's "Angelus Novus" is interpreted as the angel of history, looking to the past but flying towards the future due to the progress that prevents him from closing his wings; this symbolizes how modernity views history as a series of ruins, both physical and conceptual.
- The Enlightenment in the mid-18th century challenged the continuity with classical methods of the Renaissance, leading to a formal and ideological break from classical tradition. This period also saw extensive archaeological excavations that changed interpretations of antiquity, influencing designs like Robert Adam's The Adelfi, inspired by Diocletian's Palace.
- Marc-Antoine Laugier's "Essai sur l'Architecture" (1753-1765) proposed that the truth of architecture lies in nature and not in classical forms. He emphasized simplicity and functionality over ornamentation, leading to a Neoclassical approach that valued Greek temples and Gothic cathedrals more than previous periods.
- Claude-Nicolas Ledoux was the first visionary architect, as seen in his Saline reali di Arc et Senans, which aimed for a society without social hierarchy. His "Architecture considerée sous le rapport de l'art de moeurs et de legislation" (1804) further developed the idea of architecture speaking through its design, reducing ornamentation and emphasizing basic forms.
- Etienne-Louis Boullée's works, such as his Cenotafio a Newton, exemplified the concept of architecture as pure conception based on nature. His designs used light to create contrasts between light and shadow, evoking emotions that reflect on human insignificance compared to infinity. He taught at the École des Ponts et Chaussées, challenging the existing Accademia di Architettura.
- Jacques Germain Soufflot's design for the church of Sainte-Geneviève incorporated elements like a Greek cross with ambulatories and domes, but faced structural issues that were resolved by interventions. His work laid groundwork for modern structural analysis in the Traité theorique et pratique du Art de Batir.
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