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Appunti first semester political science
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Political science is an empirical social science studying government and politics, focusing on institutions, processes, and behaviors. It aims to understand political reality, improve conditions, and solve real-world problems through descriptive, interpretive, theoretical, and applied research. Key concepts include politics (process of making collective decisions), power (ability to influence or control behavior), authority (legitimate right to rule), and the state (system of governance within a territory). Political science encompasses comparative and international relations, with definitions and goals varying among scholars.
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- Political science focuses on empirical analysis and the study of government and politics, including institutions, processes, and behavior.
- POLITICAL SCIENCE IS AN EMPIRICAL SOCIAL SCIENCE THAT USES METHODS LIKE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND COMPARATIVE STUDIES TO UNDERSTAND REALITIES AND INSTITUTIONS.
- KEY CONCEPTS INCLUDE:
- CONCEPTS (for classification),
- MODELS (to simplify data),
- THEORIES (systematic explanations),
- PARADIGMS (broad sets of values and ideas).
- RESEARCH AIMS: DESCRIPTIVE, INTERPRETIVE, THEORETICAL, AND APPLIED RESEARCH TO EXPLAIN POLITICAL REALITY AND SUGGEST IMPROVEMENTS.
- POLITICS INVOLVES COLLECTIVE DECISION-MAKING FOR COMMUNITIES, WITH CHARACTERISTICS OF AUTHORITY, BOUNDARIES, AND GOALS.
- POWER HAS THREE DIMENSIONS:
- POWER OVER (influence decisions),
- POWER TO (achieve goals),
- PERSUASIVE POWER (manipulate perceptions).
- AUTHORITY IS BASED ON LEGITIMACY, EXERCISED BY INDIVIDUALS OR INSTITUTIONS AND CAN BE CHALLENGED.
- THE STATE IS AN ABSTRACT CONCEPT WITH AUTHORITY CLAIMING MONOPOLY OF PHYSICAL FORCE WITHIN A TERRITORY, ORGANIZED THROUGH GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS.
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