Appunti VERIFICATO
Lingua inglese I
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- Rhetoric is the formal study of persuasion through speech and writing, examining methods and means of communication.
- Oratory is divided into three branches: deliberative, forensic, and epideictic. Deliberative aims to judge actions in meetings; forensic deals with accusations or defenses in courts; epideictic honors or commemorates individuals or events without requiring a decision from the audience.
- The Proofs are ethos (appealing to character), logos (appealing to reason), and pathos (appealing to emotions). Aristotele also proposed artistic and inartistic proofs, with ethos focusing on practical wisdom, goodwill, and virtue; logos appealing to logic; and pathos evoking feelings.
- The Five Canons of rhetoric are invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery. According to Aristotele, speeches should include an introduction (prologue), narrative, proof, refutation, and conclusion (epilogue).
- A metaphor is a figure of speech where one idea is described in terms of another. Critical metaphor analysis involves identifying metaphors, classifying them, explaining their role, and understanding how they influence the audience.
- Critical Discourse Analysis focuses on rhetoric, ethos, logos, pathos, speaker and audience roles, repetition, and metaphors. Fairclough's three moments are description, interpretation, and explanation, with ideology playing a significant role in the third stage. Speakers can be classified as animator (the speaker), author (message creator), or principal (institutional representative).
- Repetition is used to involve the audience and indicate interaction between the speaker and the audience. Figures of speech include alliteration, anaphora, anadiplosis, diaphora, hyperbole, metonymy, oxymoron, personification, synecdoche, synthonet, and tricolon.
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