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Lecture notes of unit 2 of "Society, Politics and Institutions"
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- Individualism is a philosophical concept emphasizing individual moral worth and free choice, contrasting with social explanations based on collective forces.
- Weber's "Methodenstreit" debate highlighted the tension between historical context-specific explanations (Schmoller) and general theoretical principles (Menger), leading to his synthesis in "Economy and Society," advocating interpretative understanding and ideal-typical models for social science.
- Durkheim, contrasting with Weber, emphasized the importance of social facts over individual actions in explaining phenomena like suicide, focusing on cultural and collective factors rather than individual choices.
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