mobility engineering

Aim of the course is to give the basic elements concerning transport systems, vehicles and infrastructure, with respect to their main technological characteristics, dynamical performance, operational, maintenance, environmental impact and safety issues.
Main objectives of the course deals with the following topics:
dynamics of ground vehicles (road and rail) for longitudinal, lateral and vertical direction
interaction with infrastructure for noise and vibration impact issues
monitoring and diagnostics aimed at infrastructure and vehicle maintenance
The knowledge obtained in the course enables to take into account technological, performance, safety aspects in multidisciplinary analysis.

Basic knowlegde and understading of the main aspects of ground transportation systems related to propulsion technology, dynamics, safety and environmental (noise and vibration) impact.
Capability to analyse and compare different ground transportation systems, under the point of view of performance, environmental impact and W2W analysis.
Knowlegde of the basic issues concerning environmental impact (noise and vibration).
Knowlegde of the basic issues concerning control, monitoring and maintenance of transport infrastructure and vehicles.
Capability to use to gained kowledge as one of the input in multidisciplinary analysis of transport systems

Overview of rail and road transportation systems, transport networks and infrastructures, typology of veichles and operations, passenger transport capacity. Link to SDGs in terms of: acccess to mobility and social impact, environmental impact, W2W analysis.
Vehicle longitudinal dynamics and its interaction with the brake and propulsion systems. Basic models for longitudinal motion simulation, overview on main propulsion systems (curve characteristics), transmission, resistance, evaluation of veichles performance (rated speeds and transients), speed profile.
Lateral dynamics of rail and road vehicles: basics of contact force (wheel-rail, tyre-road), force distribution in curves, steering, stability and safety issues.
Monitoring and control of public transport networks: basics of signalling and traffic management in railway, driverless systems.
Vehicle-infrastructure dynamic interaction and noise and vibration impact. Air borne noise and ground noise. Transmitted vibration from rail systems to ground and buildings. Noise and vibration standards. Damage mechanisms related to veichle-infrastructure interaction.
Diagnostics and maintenance in transportation systems and its role in safety and maintenance management. Monitoring, sensors, data acquisition, processing, and management) and Condition Based Maintenance. Basic of depots design.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Final evaluation is based on a team work.
Students have to develop a project on a transportation system during the year, developed in working team.
Before the exam, the group will deliver a report on the work done.
During the exam, the group will give a presentation on the project.
The report and the presentation will be discussed and will determine the evaluation. The discussion will be on the project and on the related topics used to develop the project.
The topic of the projecy can be assigned, or proposed by the students themselves, upon approval by the teachers.

C. Esveld, Modern Railway Track, Editore: MRT-Productions, Anno edizione: 2016, ISBN: 978-1-326-05172-3
Vukan R. Vuchic, URBAN TRANSIT SYSTEMS AND TECHNOLOGY, Editore: John Wiley & Sons, Anno edizione: 2007, ISBN: 978-0-471-75823-5
Jean-Paul Rodrigue, The Geography of Transport Systems, Editore: Routledge, Anno edizione: 2020, ISBN: 978-0-367-36463-2
Note: For a broader view on transport systems from the economical and social point of view.

Data science aims at developing processes to analyze and understand phenomena through data. It stands at the intersection of statistics and computer science, and employs methods from machine learning, data mining, data bases, visualization, and cloud computing.
This course presents the structure of the typical data science pipeline and, for each step of the process, reviews the most relevant methods and algorithms used to analyze mobility data. The course also tackles cyber-security risk in mobility applications.
The course follows a problem-driven approach in that the techniques are presented based on the type of data they can tackle. All methods are first described by focusing first on the theory underlying them and then demonstrated practically using Python notebooks.
Topics discussed during the course include, but are not limited to, data and data representation, data preparation, regression, classification, clustering, evaluation of classification and clustering models, anomaly detection, deep learning, and cyber-security risk as regards to the mobility landscape.
The course comprises frontal lectures (60 hours) and practical data science hands-on lab (40 hours). During the laboratory hours, students will learn how to apply the techniques discussed during the lectures and will work on the mandatory course projects, presented at the start of the course, which must be completed by the last lecture for the course.
The final grade will be based on an oral/written exam and the mandatory data science projects.

Knowledge and understanding (Dublin Descriptor 1)
Students will learn to:

• describe the structure a data science pipeline;
• identify architectural styles and patterns;
• describe the fundamental characteristics of the most important algorithms used in all the major steps of the pipeline.
  Applying knowledge and understanding (Dublin Descriptor 2)
  Given specific data mining process, students will be able to:
• analyze and comment on specific architectural choices;
• highlight possible criticalities including security vulnerabilities;
• identify existing biases;
• apply the theory to assess the reliability of the results produced.
  Making judgements (Dublin Descriptor 3)
  Given a data mining task, students will be able to:
• analyze and understand the goals, assumptions and requirements associated with that task;
• select the best environment to implement each step of the data mining process;
• select the best infrastructure.
  Communication (Dublin Descriptor 4)
  Students will learn to:
• analyze the design choices that a data analytics solution entails;
• present and critically discuss the results of a data science process.
  Lifelong learning skills (Dublin Descriptor 5)
  Students will learn how to:
• develop simple projects on real-world data and how to critically analyze a proposed solution and the result it produced.

Introduction to Data Science
The Data Science Process
Understanding Data and its Representation
Data Exploration and Visualisation
Regression
Classification
Clustering
Anomaly Detection
Deep Learning
Cyber-security Risks and Applications to Mobility

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Prova orale condizionata (a scelta del docente)
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, senza revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Written or Oral Test (Dublin Descriptors 1 & 2)
The evaluation will be based on an oral or written exam at the end of the course. The written exam consists of answering questions and/or solving problems involving the concepts and algorithms presented during the course. Problems might also focus on the evaluation of trade-offs between different proposed solutions, definition of data mining pipelines for a given scenario, critical comparison of existing methods, etc.
Assessment of laboratorial artefacts (Dublin Descriptors 2, 3, 4, and 5)
During the course, one or more real-world projects will be presented by invited companies. Students are required to work on one of the projects and present a final report by the end of the course describing the data science pipeline they implemented and the results they obtained.

Jure Leskovec, Anand Rajaraman, Jeffrey D. Ullman, Mining of Massive Datasets http://www.mmds.org
Note: PDF available for free at the book website
Mohammed J. Zaki and Wagner Meira, Jr., Data Mining and Analysis: Fundamental Concepts and Algorithms http://www.dataminingbook.info/
Note: PDF available for free at the book website.
Ian H. Witten, Eibe Frank, and Mark A. Hall, Data Mining: Practical Machine Learning Tools and Technique, ISBN: 978-0123748560 http://www.pearsonhighered.com/educator/academic/product/0,1144,0321321367,00.html
Clarence Chio and David Freeman, Machine Learning and Security: Protecting Systems with Data and Algorithms, Editore: O'Reilly Media, ISBN: 978-1491979907 http://shop.oreilly.com/product/0636920065555.do

The course will provide the students of the basic elements in the field of electric power systems for transportation, with particular reference to ground transportation systems for people, goods and merchandises. Electric traction installation for rail and urban services are described in their main principles with reference to the DC supply and the AC one, this latter considering both industrial and rail frequency. Railway vehicles with various types of drives will be presented.
Regarding the onroad mobility, the course will deeply present the state-of-the-art and trends in technologies on both vehicles and grid side.
The course will deal also with the integration among different electric transportation systems and their interaction with the electric grid and renewable energy sources for an integrated and sustainable mobiity.
Class seminars with industries of the transportation sectors will show the actual and future trends of the technologies in this field. Technical visits on real power systems complete the course. Projects will be proposed as mandatory integration in the final evaluation.

Lectures, exercise sessions and seminars will allow students to:

• have an idea about the future perspective of the electric mobility
• have an idea about the transport challenges and the fast-moving trends affect mobility
• know and discuss about different electric power supply systems for transportation
• be able to design the size and the location of electric substations for supplying pubblic transportation systems as train, subway, tram, etc.
• know and discuss about the high-speed railway lines
• know and discuss about different train typologies
• know and discuss about the multi-systems rolling stocks for the interoperability
• know and discuss about signalling systems for a safe circulation of trains
• know and discuss about the power charging stations for electric vehicles
• know and discuss about base structures of electric road vehicles
• know and discuss about the importance of the charging strategies for electric vehicles
• know and discuss about the importance of the integration with the electric grid and renewable energy sources
• seminars with experts in the field will allow students to be aware about actual and future trends of the technologies
• seminar and technical visits will allow the student to know the real consistency, size and operation of the apparatus
• elaboration of a project will let students able to apply and elaborate studied topics

1.: Introduction to electric mobility: future perspective of transport systems, transport challenges and fast-moving trends affect mobility.
2.: Electric traction: historical introduction to the framework of technological solutions in current use, overview of electrified transportation systems for rail vehicles, trams and subways.
3.: Electrification systems for the power supply of rail vehicles, trams and subways: direct current systems used throughout the world for urban and suburban transport, which are also used in various countries for regional transport. Alternating current systems, whether at power supply frequency or at special railway frequency, that are used around the world for the electrification of railway lines, long-distance lines and high-speed lines. Introduction to signalling systems able to guarantee a safe circulation of the trains and the interoperability among different technologies.
4.: Rolling stocks: traction circuits, motor typologies and protection systems for DC and AC solutions, general description of the operation of multisystem rolling stocks, diesel-electric traction.
5.: Electric onroad mobility: state-of-the-art and trends in technologies on both vehicles and grid side. Base structures of electric road vehicles. Different technologies for the recharging of electric vehicles, connection of the charging stations to the mains, considering both AC and DC charging modes. Charging strategies for electric vehicles, integration with the electric grid and renewable energy sources. Energy consumption prediction of electric vehicles.
6.: Exercise classes: seminars on the above mentioned subjects, technical visits and support to the project development.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, senza revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The exam consists in a written test with theoretical questions to verify the student's learning of the topics developed during the lessons on the railway topics and the ability to elaborate the main concepts. In particular, theoretical questions will evaluate the ability of the student to describe: DC and AC electrification systems for the power supply of rail vehicles, trams and subways, railway signalling systems, typologies and characteristics of rolling stocks. A mandatory written project will verify topics regarding base structures of electric road vehicles, technologies for the recharging of electric vehicles, AC and DC charging modes EV connection to the mains, charging strategies for electric vehicles, integration with the electric grid and renewable energy sources, energy consumption prediction of electric vehicles. An oral presentation of the project is mandatory and permits to verify the skill of the students on presenting a developed work and the appropriate terminolgy in this particular technical domain.

M. Brenna; F. Foiadelli; D. Zaninelli, Electrical railway transportation systems, Editore: Wiley-IEEE PRESS, ISBN: 978-1-119-38680-3

The second module of the course aims to provide students with the necessary theoretical tools to comprehend alternative contracts, financial arrangements and instruments that could be used to finance infrastructure investments, comparing advantages and disadvantages of traditional and more innovative solutions. Furthermore, the course will present alternative risk management techniques, allowing to model the uncertainty associated with different factors that may affect the overall impact of infrastructure investments. Mathematical finance and financial modelling concepts will allow students to understand how to compare different financing alternatives. Case studies with a specific focus on the Transportation sector will provide students with a methodological framework to manage infrastructure projects, being able to evaluate and compare alternative financial structures and to assess the financial robustness and profitability of the investment. Finally, seminars with practitioners and experts in the field of infrastructure investments will allow students to comprehend and discuss the practical application of the theoretical concepts introduced during the course in real infrastructure projects.

In terms of acquired knowledge and understanding, students will be able to:
Describe the relationships between sound theoretical references in corporate and project finance and the concrete funding of infrastructure projects;
Define the main contractual arrangements in infrastructure development projects: infrastructure financing as a network of contracts;
Examine different types/sources of risks at different stages of project development;
Show references to, and analysis of, concrete case studies in the financing of infrastructures.
Comprehend mathematical finance and financial modelling concepts to compare advantages and disadvantages of alternative financial structures of infrastructure investments.
Students will be able to:
Compare alternative financial solutions for infrastructure projects based on the usage of different financial instruments and approaches;
Illustrate the allocation of risks in infrastructures projects comparing advantages and disadvantages of alternative contractual arrangements and instruments;
Examine economic and financial plan models, being able to discuss the bankability, the financial feasibility and financial profitability of projects.

The course contents are delivered through lectures and exercises sessions. The Module II of the course covers the following topics:
Project finance vs corporate finance;
Public private partnership and concession contracts;
Fundamentals of financial calculus;
Elements of risk assessment and management.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Students will pass the course after successfully take a written exam. The exam consists in a set of exercises and theoretical questions.
The exam aims at verifying student's:
Understanding of the theoretical frameworks to finance and manage infrastructure projects;
Ability to define and evaluate project performances;
Ability to define, evaluate and compare different financial solutions for infrastructure investments.
The exam of the course corresponding to 10 cfu refers to topics of Modules I and II. The exam of the course corresponding to 5 CFU refers to topics of Module II.
To pass the course, students must successfully pass the written exam with a grade higher or equal to 18.

Delmon, Jeffrey, Private Sector Investment in Infrastructure: Project Finance, PPP Projects and PPP Framework, Editore: Kluwer Law International, Anno edizione: 2021
A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge: PMBOK Guide, Editore: Project Management Institute
Infrastructure Financing Instruments and Incentives, Editore: OECD, Anno edizione: 2015

The course is aimed to provide the students with the technical culture and knowledge for the risk-informed design, operation and management of components, products and systems used for mobility of people and materials. To this aim, during the course, the basic concepts related to risk and the methods for its assessment and control are introduced, in view of their use for supporting decision makers. Moreover, several case-studies from different transport areas are presented, complemented by seminars of experts in the various fields.
The main goal is to provide the students with the adequate competences on methods and computational tools for the evaluation, the analysis and the control of the risk associated to equipment and systems for mobility. These competences, typical of safety and reliability analysts and managers, are necessary in modern engineering for the design and operation of safe and reliable systems for mobility.

The student knows:
the basics of methods and techniques for risk assessment in mobility systems.
The student is able to:
estimate hazards, consequences (for people, assets, and environment), and risk indicators for mobility equipment and infrastructures;
evaluate preliminary measures that can be used for preventing or mitigating the risk.
The student understands the concept of risk and the overall framework for its assessment, with special focus on mobility engineering applications.
The student is able to apply the methods and tools for the quantitative assessment of the consequences of different accidental scenarios, as well as for the risk assessment of mobility systems.

This module of the course is integrated with Safety in Mobility [1]
The curriculum covers various aspects related to the assessment of risks and safety issues of typical mobility systems and transportation infrastructures.
I. Generalities
Definition of basic concepts (risk assessment, risk management, safety, resilience, mitigation, prevention, and protection)
Acceptability of risk: different criteria
Risk assessment as a supporting tool to decision making
II. Risk assessment
Objectives
General methodology
Hazard identification techniques
Overview of methods for the probabilistic quantification of accidents (detailed discussed in Safety in Mobility [1])
Assessment of the magnitude of the consequences (qualitatitive, semi-quantitative, and quantitative approaches)
Risk Matrix and Common risk indicators
III. Risk prevention and mitigation
Preventive measures and mitigating measures
Multiple-barriers
Case-studies

Prova orale obbligatoria
Oral exam on all topics discussed at the lectures.

WeBeep page of the course
Note: Lecture notes/handouts will be distributed. There are no specific textbooks for the course; Supplementary materials could be suggested based on topics being covered.

The objectives of this course are the acquisition of the theoretical basis and the empirical skills for planning, simulation and design of transportation systems. The first part of the course focuses on transportation system modeling, including both network performances (supply) and travelers’ behavior (demand). The second part of the course deals with methods for planning and assessing transport policies, notably in urban areas. During the course students will carry out a project work using software tools commonly used in current practice.

• Knowledge and understanding ability
  The course deals with theoretical and empirical issues of transportation systems analysis including network design, modelling and management, ranging from transportation engineering to urban economics and management, for a comprehensive knowledge of the topics addressed.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
  During the course students would develop a project works using up-to-date and state-of-art software tools. The course also offers seminars aiming at making students aware of the critical issues in current practice.
• Autonomy of judgment
  The course will provide students with skills to deal with realistic transportation network design, and to understand the complexity of decision-making related to transportation systems, particularly in urban areas.
• Communicative skills
  The course foresees the development of project works to be carried out in groups. This would allow students to improve their ability to work in team. Results achieved will be presented in project reports and in slides in order to improve communication skills.
• Learning ability
  The learning ability will be assessed by means of written tests in itinere, in order to identify non-assimilated topics and to fine-tune the speed of giving new lectures.

Transportation systems: definitions, system identification, modeling
Transportation supply models: Graph models, Flows, Link performance and cost functions, Network models
Random utility theory: Basic assumptions. Logit,Nested-Logit and Probit models
Transportation demand models: 4-steps model
Models and Algorithms for traffic assignment to transportation networks
Estimation of travel demand flows: Direct estimation, Revealed and Stated preferences surveys
Transportation network design: “what if” and “what to” approaches: applications and case studies
Transportation planning: the decision-making process, relevant impacts and indicators.
Policies and tools (Transit Oriented Development, Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans; Stakeholders’ Engagement)
Transportation systems and urban economics interactions
Project appraisal: Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) and Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA)

Prova orale obbligatoria
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The final assessment will be based on the knowledge gained through the lessons, the reference texts and the discussion during the exercises, in accordance with the following five Dublin descriptors:
1 Knowledge and understanding
2 Applying knowledge and understanding
3 Making judgements
4 Communication skills
5 Learning skills
Final examination (both for attending and non attending students) is based on an oral discussion to verify the acquisition of the above-mentioned objectives both with respect to the knowledge and understanding of the main topics.
During the course, students would make some self-assessment tests (in itinere); these are not compulsory.
The project works carried out during the course will contribute to the final mark.

Cascetta E., Transportation System Analysis: Models and Applications, Editore: Springer, New York, Anno edizione: 2009, ISBN: 978-0-387-75857-2
Meyer M.D., Miller E.J., Urban Transportation Planning, Editore: McGraw Hill, Anno edizione: 2000, ISBN: 978-0072423327
de Dios Ortuzar J., Willumsen L.G., Modelling Transport, Editore: John Wiley & Sons, Anno edizione: 1994, ISBN: 978-0-470-76039-0

This course aims at raising critical awareness on the most important ethical issues pertaining to the design, development, deployment, and use of transportation tecnologies (broadly construed). Through the in-depth study of such issues, it intends to support students in the exercise of ethical thinking skills and to promote responsible engineering practices. In addition, the course aims at offering useful conceptual tools to identify, analyze, and responsibly manage the moral impacts of mobility engineering. Finally, it intends to stimulate reflections and debates on key transportation ethics values such as safety, privacy, autonomy, inclusivity, justice, and sustainability by encouraging students to support moral claims with adequate justifications, solid arguments, and clear language, while listening to and taking the arguments of others seriously.

Dublin Descriptors
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Acquire a broad perspective on the ethical and social impacts and implications of transportation technologies;
Be acquainted with normative ethics and normative argumentation;
Learn how to recognize and analyze ethical and social aspects and issues inherent in some transport technologies;
Be able to understand how technical problems are inherently connected to a social dimension within a socio-technical perspective.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Be able to use critical skills in clarifying and ethically analyzing case-studies involving transportation technologies;
Be able to apply ethical theories to problems created, aggravated or transformed by current transportation technologies;
Be able to explore and assess possibilities for solving or diminishing existing and emerging ethical and social problems.
Making judgements
Students will be able:
To autonomously and critically analyze the ethical issues raised by transportation technologies;
To evaluate and select the appropriate knowledge in the effort of elaborating and justifying a philosophical argument on issues relevant to Transportation Ethics;
To prepare a small research of critical analysis of an ethical, legal or societal issue related to a technical case-study.
Communication
Students will learn to:
Exercise and improve their skills in critical thinking and writing;
Present in an effective way the results of their research, being able to rationally justify their choices.
Lifelong learning skills
Students will:
Be better prepared to their future professional life in an ethically and socially responsible way;
Be able to analyze transportation problems through an ethical lens.

The course explores the most relevant ethical, political, and societal aspects and problems related to the design, development, management, and use of transportation systems, with particular attention to urban transport. It is divided into two parts.
The first part examines Transportation Ethics against the background of Technology and Engineering Ethics in order to develop a clear picture of its components, importance, and difficulty. Moreover, it draws on Philosophical Ethics to show how Normative Theories such as Consequentialism, Deontology, and Virtue Ethics can offer useful tools to identify, analyze, study, and manage moral problems raised by transportation systems.
The second part of the course takes a closer look at these problems by discussing issues surrounding 1) Sustainability, 2) Safety and Autonomy, 3) Justice and Inclusivity, and 4) Privacy and Freedom.
Students will work in groups to learn first-hand how to apply these values to engineering practices in the transportation domain.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, individuale, con revisioni periodiche, senza presentazione/discussione finale
Altro
Type of assessment
Description
Dublin descriptor
Collective Presentations
Develop an argument in which the presented claims are justified by the use of ethical argumentation and the relevant literature;
Present the work in class discussions and written reports on which the instructor will provide feedbacks before the final evaluation.
1, 3
4, 5
Individual Written Essay
The individual final essay must show that the student has the capacity to read and carefully study the suggested bibliography and the ability to apply it to relevant topics;
The individual final essay requires students to have developed critical skills in analyzing technical problems with the tools provided by ethical theories and argumentation.
1, 2
3, 4, 5

Barbara Richardson, Transportation Ethics, Anno edizione: 1995
David Banister, The Sustainable Mobility Paradigm, Anno edizione: 2007
Karel Martens, A People-Based Approach to Accessibility, Anno edizione: 2019
Karen Lucas, Transport and Social Exclusion, Anno edizione: 2012
Matts-Ake Belin et al, Vision Zero, Anno edizione: 2012
Jilles Smids, The Moral Case for Intelligent Speed Adaptation, Anno edizione: 2018
Jeffrey Reiman, Driving to the Panopticon, Anno edizione: 1995
Karel Martens, Transport Justice. Designing Fair Transportation Systems., Editore: Routledge, Anno edizione: 2016
Wes Marshall, Killed by a Traffic Engineer: Shattering the Delusion that Science Underlies our Transportation System, Editore: Island Press, Anno edizione: 2024
Peter Norton, Fighting Traffic. The Dawn of the Motor Age in the American City., Editore: The MIT Press, Anno edizione: 2008
Fabio Fossa, Ethics of Driving Automation. Artificial Agency and Human Values., Editore: Springer, Anno edizione: 2023
Karin Edvardsson Björnberg et al. (Eds), The Vision Zero Handbook. Theory, Technology and Management for a Zero Casualty Policy., Editore: Springer

The goal of this course is to provide the students with the methodology and the tools to understand and analyze the different alternatives for energy supply in the transport sector, with a focus on their pathways and related emissions from the primary energy source to the final utilization in the vehicle drivetrain. To enable the energy transition in the transport sector, it is mandatory a fair comparison of consumption and emissions related with production, transportation and final use of conventional and advanced fuels (e.g., biofuels, eFuels), as well as of other energy carriers (such as electricity and hydrogen). At the end of the course, the student will be familiar with Well-to-Wheel and LCA methodologies, as well as with the energy conversion technologies in the electricity, hydrogen and advanced fuels supply chains. A specific focus is also dedicated to stationary and on-board energy storage systems (i.e., batteries and hydrogen-based technologies) and to their integration with renewable energy sources. Technical, economic and environmental aspects will be integrated, in order to provide a complete overview of the discussed solutions and to allow the student to properly plan and manage the energy flows required by a complex mobility system. The course is completed with an overview of the current energy scenario and the foreseen evolution in the transportation sector, including the regulation aspects for sustainability and emissions control in terrestrial, maritime and aviation sectors.

Knowledge and understanding
The student is expected to know and understand the basic processes for fuels and energy carriers production, with a particular focus on the ones employed in the transportation system. The knowledge of the energy conversion steps, of their energy efficiency, of the related emissions, and of their technical limits will be acquired, considering the energy carrier production, storage, distribution, and utilization. A basic knowledge of the regulation framework and the policies active for sustainability and emissions control in the transport sector is also part of the stock of knowledge.
Applying knowledge and understanding
The student has to be able to apply the abovementioned concepts:
to estimate the energetic and environmental performances of an energy carrier production and transportation pathway, combined with the final use in a specific vehicle drivetrain.
to evidence the links between energetic and environmental performances of the conversion systems in the transport sector, as well as the differences between distinct kinds of emissions.
to make preliminary sizing and cost estimates of different components and/or complete energy supply chains for transport applications.
Judgement and communication skills
The capacity of discussing the main advantages and drawbacks of the energy solutions for transportation is an expected result, as well as the capacity of judging and comparing different innovative solutions proposed or already present on the market. The student has to be able to present the influence of such technologies on the energy scenarios and on the transportation system.

Introduction: Impact of the transport sector in the energy system: energy and environmental issues. Global concepts on combustion and energy conversion systems. Primary energy/energy carriers. Greenhouse gases. Energy costing methodologies.
Energy supply chains evaluation: “Well-to-Wheels” methodology. Life Cycle Assessment. Externalities and theory of environmental regulation.
Emissions from internal combustion engines: main pollutants from combustion processes, fundamental thermodynamic aspects, formation mechanisms of main pollutants (NOx, particulate, unburned hydrocarbons), pollutants abatement by primary and secondary methods for conventional vehicles.
Hybrid and electric propulsion: Introduction to hybrid and electric vehicle power train configurations. Stationary and on-board electric energy storage: principles, technical characteristics and performance of different types of batteries; state-of-the-art and future technologies. Technologies for centralized and local electricity production: technical, economic and environmental aspects; introduction to electricity costing mechanisms (open markets, PPA, energy communities).
Hydrogen-based solutions: Electrolysis and fuel cells: basic principles with particular reference to PEMs. Technologies for hydrogen storage in gaseous and liquid state, metal hydrides. Basics on the production of hydrogen from renewables and fossil fuels. Compression and liquefaction processes. Hydrogen supply chain and classification. Hydrogen vehicles.
Alternative (non-fossil) fuels: Conventional fuels: production and characteristics. Biofuels and synthetic fuels: production of bio-diesel, bio-ethanol, DME, bio-methane. SNG and eFuels. Overview of economics and other impacts.
Regulation and scenarios: Regulations about fuels and emissions for road transport, maritime and aviation. EURO standard: driving cycles and evaluation of real emissions. ETS, RED and evolution of the European normative (Fit for 55). Expected evolution of the transport energy sector and sector coupling.
Project work: energetic, environmental, and economic analysis of one selected case study, involving the energy supply chain for a specific transport application (e.g., refueling station, public transport depot, harbors, …).

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The course is structured including both theoretical and practical front lessons. The student is expected to apply the theoretical concepts in the practical sessions during the course, as a support for the final examination and the project work development.
The evaluation process comprises two steps:

• a written evaluation including numerical exercises, open-ended and multiple-choice questions on the topics presented during the course. The objective of numerical exercises is to check the capacity to perform simplified sizing, techno-economic evaluation and comparison of the technologies presented. The knowledge of tools and methodologies for efficiency, emissions and costs estimates is required. Open-ended and multiple-choice questions will test the knowledge of the energy scenario, regulation framework and energy processes. The capability of judging and compare pros and cons of different options for energy supply is also required.
• the submission of a brief report and the oral discussion of a project work. The project will focus on a case study related with a specific transport application defined in cooperation with the students and with the supporting companies, when available. The work will be performed by groups of 3-5 people during the semester with the support of the lecturers. In the project, technical, environmental and economic aspects should be addressed, applying the methodologies presented during the course to the specific case study. The students must be able to discuss the calculations performed, the main assumptions and their influence on the results. The objective is to verify the capacity of the student to perform detailed evaluations on real-world applications.
  An optional oral evaluation on theoretical and numerical topics can be considered, only if required to clarify particular situations.

Carlo Villante, Sonia Dell'Aversano, Stefano Ranieri, Transition to Sustainable Energy Technologies - Pathways, Sources, Mobility, Editore: CRC Press, Anno edizione: 2025, ISBN: 9781003631125 https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003631125

This course is designed for students who aspire to shape the future of mobility. The core of this course is the application of strategic thinking to the field of mobility. Starting from the analysis of technologies, user behavior, policies, and regulatory frameworks in the mobility sector, the course examines the evolution of infrastructure and services, up to how mobility systems are strategically conceived, designed, and developed today. The course aims to enable students to understand how business strategies are developed in alignment with technological advances and policy and regulatory objectives. The course is complemented by case studies in land mobility for passengers and freight, ranging from high-speed trains to autonomous vehicles in urban road environments and applications with drones. A central and integral component of the course is the development of a mandatory project, in collaboration with companies operating in the mobility sector. Students will work in teams on real-world projects proposed by partner companies, applying the concepts, tools, and strategic approaches discussed throughout the course. Students will also interact with a range of guest speakers, including CEOs from various mobility companies, who will share their expertise. Finally, the course includes educational site visits to the headquarters and manufacturing plants of leading mobility companies.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
Analyze the major transformations shaping the mobility sector, assessing the role of technological innovation, changing user behavior, and the evolution of policies and regulatory frameworks.
Understand and apply strategic thinking principles to the conception, design, and development of mobility systems, infrastructure, and services.
Evaluate the interactions between business strategy, technological innovation, and policy objectives, identifying opportunities and challenges across different mobility contexts.
Critically analyze case studies in passenger and freight mobility, including high-speed rail, autonomous vehicles in urban environments, and drone applications.
Apply strategic analysis tools to develop recommendations and support managerial decision-making in the mobility sector.
Work effectively in multidisciplinary teams to address real-world challenges by developing strategic solutions in collaboration with companies operating in the mobility sector.
Communicate analyses, project outcomes, and strategic recommendations effectively to both academic and professional audiences, using appropriate methods and evidence-based arguments.
Interpret emerging trends and future challenges in the mobility sector through engagement with industry leaders, guest speakers, and company visits, developing a critical understanding of innovation and industry dynamics.

Topic 1: The demand for mobility and system integration.
Topic 2: From transport services to mobility services.
Topic 3: Rail infrastructures.
Topic 4: Road infrastructures.
Topic 5: Stations as intermodal-hubs.
Topic 6: Long hall services in Europe.
Topic 7: Local public transport.
Topic 8: Transport planning.
Topic 9: Freight transport.
Topic 10: Future mobility scenarios.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Valutazione continua obbligatoria
The final grade is based on three components:
Assessment Component
Weight
Minimum Requirement
Team Project (mandatory, developed in collaboration with partner companies)
15 points
9/15
Oral Assessment and In-class Participation (discussion and presentation of case studies during the course)
15 points
9/15
Participation in Company Visits and Guest Speaker Sessions
2 points
–
The mandatory team project evaluates students' ability to apply strategic concepts, analytical tools, and problem-solving approaches to a real-world mobility challenge proposed by an industry partner.
The oral assessment is based on students' active participation in class discussions, critical analysis of the case studies presented throughout the course, and their ability to integrate theoretical concepts with practical applications.
Up to 2 additional points may be awarded for active participation in the educational site visits and guest lectures delivered by industry executives and experts.
The final grade is the sum of the scores obtained in the three assessment components, for a maximum of 32 points. To successfully complete the course, students must achieve at least 9 points out of 15 in both the Team Project and the Oral Assessment.

The course aims at providing students with the critical and conceptual tools to reflect upon
some of the main ethical and social issues raised by the development of Artificial Intelligence
(AI). The course will be articulated in three modules, deeply interconnected to provide students
with a coherent narrative. The course will start with the analysis of the problems related to the
definition of "AI", starting from the first characterizations of AI dating back to the 1950s and
comparing them with the way AI is typically discussed nowadays. In the second module, the
topic of AI-related risk will be expanded so as to include aspects of uncertainty. In the last
module, the ethical framework of Trustworthy AI will be presented as a way to deal with AIrelated uncertainty. After a general presentation of the Trustworthy AI framework, specific
issues in AI ethics will be discussed, also depending on the students' interests.

Autonomous vehicles and mobile robots require the integration of modelling, perception, planning, control, decision-making and software implementation. The course introduces the main theoretical and practical tools needed to understand and prototype autonomous vehicular and mobile robotic systems.
The course follows a modular autonomy-stack perspective, with emphasis on the see-think-act paradigm. After an introduction to autonomous and connected vehicles and mobile robots, the course covers vehicle and mobile-robot modelling, trajectory planning and tracking, motion planning, vehicular sensors, basic computer vision, localization and mapping, and decision logic.
A short overview will also be provided on how data-driven approaches can complement classical model-based methods in autonomous systems, for example in perception, prediction, decision support, model residual learning and learning-augmented control architectures.

Lectures, exercise sessions and project activities will allow students to:
understand the main components of the autonomy stack for autonomous vehicles and mobile robots, including modelling, perception, planning, control and decision logic;
model simple nonholonomic vehicular and mobile robotic systems and design basic trajectory planning, tracking and closed-loop control algorithms;
formulate and solve motion planning problems using graph-search and sampling-based methods;
understand the role of common vehicular and mobile robotic sensors, apply basic perception techniques, and interpret the use of data-driven methods as a complement to model-based pipelines;
critically analyze implementation choices, experimental results and system limitations, and communicate them through reports and project discussions

The topics dealt with in the course are:
Introduction to autonomous vehicles
Autonomous and connected vehicles and mobile robots
Automation, autonomy and levels of automation
Modular autonomy stack and see-think-act paradigm
Model-based and data-driven perspectives for autonomous systems
Modelling, planning and control
Vehicle and mobile robot kinematics
Trajectory generation, optimization and tracking
Open-loop and closed-loop motion control
Motion planning with graph-search and sampling-based methods
Sensors, perception and localization
Main sensors for autonomous vehicles and mobile robots
Introduction to computer vision and image processing
Feature extraction and basic object detection
Localization, mapping, occupancy grids and SLAM
Basic role of data-driven methods in perception and prediction
Decision logic and autonomous behaviour
Finite state machines
Event-based and signal-based decision logic
Hierarchical decision architectures
Software tools and laboratory activities
Project-based development of small autonomous systems

Prova orale obbligatoria
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, individuale, senza revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Students will be asked to develop assignments and a final project during the course.
The final examination will be based on an individual discussion including:
questions on the theoretical topics covered during the lectures;
discussion of the reports of at least 3 assignments out of 5 proposed during the course;
presentation and discussion of the final project.

R. Siegwart, I. R. Nourbakhsh, D. Scaramuzza, Introduction to Autonomous Mobile Robots
S. LaValle, Planning Algorithms
Note: The book can be freely downloaded from http://lavalle.pl/planning/
D. A. Forsyth, J. Ponce, Computer Vision: A Modern Approach
S. Thrun, W. Burgard, D. Fox, Probabilistic robotics
Note: Slides covering the topics of the book and additional material can be freely downloaded from http://www.probabilistic-robotics.org/
F. Gustafsson, Statistical Sensor Fusion
D. Simon, Optimal State Estimation: Kalman, Hinf, and Nonlinear Approaches
D. Bertsekas, Reinforcement Learning and Optimal Control
H.K. Khalil, Nonlinear Systems
Note: Slides covering the topics of the book can be freely downloaded from https://www.egr.msu.edu/khalil/NonlinearSystems/

The general goal of the course is to enable students to learn the general method and the basic steps of the design of automatic control systems, in the field of vehicles:
Definition and discussion of a specific control problem
Selection and location of sensors and actuators
Development of a simplified (control-oriented) model of the system, aimed at the development and analysis of control algorithms
Identification of the model parameters from measurements on the system, and study of the dynamic characteristics of the model
Design, implementation and analysis of control algorithms
This approach will be learnt using a “case study” approach on a set of specific application cases. The application cases illustrated in the course are a set of important control problems in the field of vehicles-dynamics and energy-management in road vehicles.

Dublin Descriptor
Expected Learning Result (Specific to the Course)
Knowledge and understanding
Learn and understand how to an automoatic control system can influence and affect the performance of a vehicle.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Choose the correct actuation and sensing technology and automatic control system given the perfomance objectives for a specific vehicle.
Making judgements
Critically analyze and evaluate trade-offs between different design solutions, control algorithms, and sensing technologies for vehicle dynamics control
Communication skills
Communicate a complex control-design solution for a specific vehicle dynamics control application in a synthetic and technically precise way.
Learning skills
Autonomously read, interpret, and understand specialized industrial technical documentation and research papers in the field of vehicle dynamics control and estimation.

The course consists of several case studies of real, significant problems related to automation in transport systems and vehicles:
Control of the vertical, roll and pitch dynamics through “intelligent” electronic suspensions systems (load-levelling, active and semi-active suspensions)
Control of the longitudinal dynamics during braking and acceleration (Anti Lock Braking Systems, Traction Control Systems, Adaptive Cruise Control)
Control of the yaw dynamics (Stability Control Systems; Torque Vectoring, Control of lateral dynamics in Autonomous Vehicles)
Estimation of unknown variables using SW-sensing techniques (examples: roll-angle in tilting vehicles; side-slip angle in cars; longitudinal slip in cars.)
Basics of combined control of longitudinal dynamics and energy-management in Electric Vehicles, with a special focus on hybrid human-electric vehicles (e-Bikes, scooters, etc..)
The course will also offer an overview on the main technology trends, and on the future mobility models.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Prova orale condizionata (a scelta del docente)
The exam will be a written test in one of the official available dates. The exam will consist of questions on the topics presented during the course. The final marks will be awarded based on correctness of the answers, appropriateness of technical terminology and clarity of exposition. Specifically, the students will be asked to:
show their understanding of the main problems (and the corresponding solutions) in the field of control-systems design in vehicles;
select and describe the most appropriate tools for a given application;
be able to communicate in a mixed text, graphical and mathematical way the solution to a specific application problem (modelling or analysis or control problem).
In cases where the written test does not conclusively prove the student's preparation, an oral exam could be held at the instructor's discretion.
Type of assessment
Description
Dublin descriptor
Written test
show their understanding of the main problems (and the corresponding solutions) in the field of control-systems design in vehicles;
use the knowledge acquired in the course to solve problems that they have not be exposed to in class.
select and describe the most appropriate tools for a given application;
be able to communicate in a mixed text, graphical and mathematical way the solution to a specific application problem (modelling or analysis or control problem).
1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Matteo Corno, Lecture notes
Savaresi S.M., C. Poussot-Vassal, C. Spelta, O. Sename, L. Dugard, SEMI-ACTIVE SUSPENSION CONTROL FOR VEHICLES, Editore: Elsevier (Butterworth-Heinemann), UK
Savaresi S.M., M. Tanelli, ACTIVE BRAKING CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN FOR VEHICLES. 1st Edition, Editore: Springer-Verlag

L'obiettivo del corso è duplice:
1. Rendere gli studenti consapevoli delle complesse dinamiche della comunicazione e della persuasione, con un'enfasi speciale sulla componente personale (mittente/destinatario).
2. Equipaggiare gli studenti con abilità comunicative perché siano in grado di produrre comunicazioni orali, scritte e in forma multimediale che siano chiare e persuasive.
Il corso adotta tre strategie:

• Lezioni frontali
• Modalità "blended" e "flipped" (gli studenti accederanno in maniera autonoma a risorse online quali esempi di discorsi - in forma scritta o di video -, articoli, casi di studio, lezioni in video)
• Tutoring in presenza o in remoto (attraverso collaborazione "cloud") sui compiti da svolgere e sul progetto finale

Il Corso intende introdurre gli Studenti al settore dell'ingegneria dei Trasporti e in particolare alla Teoria della Circolazione e del Deflusso Veicolare. Particolare spazio viene dedicato all'analisi della sicurezza stradale.

• CONOSCENZA E COMPRENSIONE: Lo Studente sarà in grado di interpretare il Deflusso di traffico in ambito urbano, extraurbano e autostradale e conoscerne le leggi che lo regalano. Avrà inoltre un'ottima conoscenza degli elementi di sicurezza stradale.
• CAPACITÀ DI APPLICARE CONOSCENZA E COMPRENSIONE: Molte degli argomenti trattatati durante il Corso vedono applicazione pratica nell'esercitazione obbligatoria che viene svolta durante l'anno e che prevede l'analisi di un'intersezione stradale del Comune di Milano sia da un punto di vista della capacità che per quanto riguarda la sicurezza stradale.
• AUTONOMIA DI GIUDIZIO: l'esercitazione viene svolta in piena autonomia e permette di valutare se le analisi sono state svolte correttamente. La proposta progettuale che viene chiesta a valle dell'analisi dell'intersezione deve venire valutata sulla base della condizioni di traffico reali di quell'intersezione.
• ABILITÀ COMUNICATIVE: l'esercitazione prevede momenti di presentazione dei risultati. Intermedi e parziali durante l'anno e complessivi alla fine del Corso.
• CAPACITÀ DI APPRENDIMENTO: l'insieme di aspetti teorici e di quelli pratici permette di capire rapidamente gli obiettivi dell'insegnamento teorico.

Introduzione alla materia. Generalità sui sistemi di trasporto, componenti, funzioni e unità di misura del trasporto. Definizione delle diverse modalità di trasporto. Dati statistici. Funzione e classificazione delle strade. Funzioni delle strade e gerarchizzazione. Deflusso veicolare ininterrotto o interrotto. Moto di un veicolo e diagramma spazio – temporali.
Intersezioni semaforizzate. Concetti generali e definizioni. Semafori a ciclo fisso, attuati e interdipendenti. Criteri di scelta e progettuali: definizione e durata delle fasi semaforiche. Concetto di livelli di servizio. Verifica degli incroci semaforizzati – metodo Highway Capacity Manual (HCM): indagini alle intersezioni (domanda e offerta), flusso di saturazione, calcolo della capacità, rapporto di saturazione, calcolo del livello di servizio (ritardo medio). Sincronizzazione semaforica: rigida simultanea, rigida alternata, progressiva limitata, progressiva flessibile, attuata dal traffico (a volume, a volume-densità, a densità completa).
Intersezioni non semaforizzate. Concetti generali e definizioni. Teoria di accettazione dell’intervallo. Verifica degli incroci semaforizzati – metodo HCM: indagini alle intersezioni (domanda e offerta), tipologie di manovre, flusso in conflitto, capacità potenziale, capacità di manovra, fattori di impedenza, capacità delle corsie promiscue, stima della lunghezza della coda, calcolo del livello di servizio (ritardo medio).
La caratterizzazione del deflusso veicolare. Le grandezze fondamentali della circolazione: flusso, velocità, densità. Equazione di stato del deflusso. Relazioni fondamentali: velocità-flusso, flusso-densità, velocità-densità. Modelli macroscopici di deflusso: Greenshields, Greenberg, Drew, Underwood, Drake – analisi e confronti. Modelli microscopici di deflusso: car following, lane change, gap acceptance
La circolazione stradale in ambito extraurbano. La determinazione del livello di servizio secondo il metodo HCM per autostrade e strade a più corsie per direzione di marcia: determinazione della velocità di flusso libero e della portata oraria media, fattori di correzione, calcolo della densità veicolare e determinazione del livello di servizio. Strade bidirezionali a due corsie: determinazione della velocità di flusso libero e della portata oraria media, fattori di correzione, calcolo della la percentuale del tempo speso in coda e della velocità media del viaggio per la determinazione del livello di servizio.
Rotatorie. Cenni storici, elementi geometrici caratteristici, classificazione delle rotatorie, sicurezza stradale. Vantaggi e svantaggi. Prestazioni operative: capacità (metodi HCM, Kimber, SETRA, CETUR) e livelli di servizio (riserva di capacità, capacità semplice, capacità complessiva, determinazione dei ritardi).
Sosta e parcheggi. Tipologie di sosta. Analisi della domanda di sosta: metodi empirici e analitici. Classificazione dei parcheggi, tipologie funzionali, tipologie costruttive (sviluppo orizzontale o verticale), parcheggi multipiano. Tecnologie di supporto alla sosta.
Viabilità ciclabile. Cenni alla progettazione delle piste ciclabili. Gli interventi di messa in sicurezza dei percorsi ciclabili. Gli attraversamenti ciclabili (incroci semaforizzati e non semaforizzati). Caditoie e rotatorie ciclabili. Le zone a traffico moderato.
Moderazione del traffico o traffic calming.Le Zone a Traffico Moderato: progettazione, velocità. Gli strumenti per la moderazione del traffico: attraversamenti stradali rialzati, cuscini berlinesi, le porte, gli incroci, isole centrali, interruzioni-cul de sac, restringimenti, mini rotatorie, rotatorie ciclabili, strade residenziali.
Sistemi di Trasporto Intelligenti (ITS). Definizione, obiettivi e campi di applicazione: informazione e pianificazione del viaggio – Infomobilità; gestione del traffico; gestione delle merci e delle flotte; pedaggio elettronico; sicurezza dei trasporti; gestione delle emergenze e degli incidenti; contesto urbano. Analisi dell’impatto sulla mobilità. Approfondimento di sistemi in esercizio.
Introduzione alla sicurezza stradale. Riferimenti normativi e indirizzi generali per la pianificazione degli interventi: Dati statistici ISTAT, Pianificazione della sicurezza stradale, Piani Europei, Piano Nazionale della Sicurezza Stradale (PNSS), Elementi del sistema di sicurezza stradale.
Analisi degli eventi incidentali. Inquadramento generale del problema "sicurezza stradale". Uso dei dati statistici ai fini ingegneristici, elaborazione dei dati per la localizzazione dei punti o delle tratte stradali critiche, rappresentazione del dato incidentale realizzazione di analisi di sicurezza aggregate e disaggregate.
Road Safety Audit e Road Safety Review. Analisi dei fattori di rischio (afferenti all'infrastruttura stradale): elementi da considerare e loro relazione con la sicurezza. Valutazione speditiva della sicurezza "potenziale" di un'intersezione stradale.
Sistemi di sicurezza attiva e passiva. Definizione del rischio incidentale ed analisi dei sistemi di prevenzione e protezione relativi al veicolo ed all’infrastruttura.
Sicurezza nelle gallerie: incidenti significativi e definizione del rischio all’interno dei tunnel stradali. Gestione dell’evento incendio, strumenti e dispositivi di prevenzione e protezione (solo cenni).
Trasporto di merci pericolose (solo cenni).

Prova orale obbligatoria
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Durante l'anno è obbligatorio (per chi ha il corso da 8CFU) prendere parte all'esercitazione che viene svolta suddivisa per Gruppi di Studenti. Alla fine del Corso l'esercitazione viene presentatata oralmente dall'intero Gruppo. Ogni Studente deve illustrare una parte del lavoro. Lo Studente deve conoscere il lavoro svolto dall'intero Gruppo e non sola la parte che lo ha visto maggiormente coinvolto. L'esercitazione, se superata positivamente, viene mantenuta "valida" per gli anni successivi. Il giudizio finale dell'esercitazione sarà di supporto alla definizione del voto finale dell'esame orale.
A valle dell'esercitazione, l'esame si compone di una prova orale in cui vengono selezionati alcuni argomenti del Corso che lo Studente deve dimostrare di aver compreso più che aver imparato a memoria. E' importante essere in grado di spiegare la teoria e svolgere bene l'argomento richiesto. Si preferisce saper ragionare ad un mero studio "a memoria".

Dispense del corso
Materiale didattico del Corso
Transportation Research Board (TRB), Highway Capacity Manual HCM
Note: Special Report 209
L. Studer, B. Dalla Chiara, G.N. Bifulco, G. Fusco, B. Barabino, G. Corona, R. Rossi, ITS nei trasporti stradali, Editore: Egaf, Anno edizione: 2013
R. Maja, Sistemi di trasporto: elementi generali
Note: dispense
R. Maja, Intersezioni semaforizzate
Note: dispense
CNR, Norme sull'arredo funzionale delle strade urbane
Note: Bollettino Ufficiale n°150, 1992
M.Olivari, Elementi di Teoria e Tecnica della Circolazione, Editore: Franco Angeli, Milano, Anno edizione: 1994
S. Canale, N. Distefano, S. Leonardi, G. Pappalardo, Progettare le intersezioni, Editore: EPC Libri, Roma, Anno edizione: 2006
Note: capitoli 1, 3, 4, 5, 11
S. Rinelli, Intersezioni stradali semaforizzate, Editore: UTET, Torino, Anno edizione: 2000
S. Canale, N. Distefano, S. Leonardi, G. Pappalardo, Progettare le rotatorie, Editore: EPC Libri, Roma, Anno edizione: 2005
F. Annunziata, E. Cecere, M. Coni, F. Maltinti, F. Pinna, S. Portas, Progettazione stradale, Editore: Dario Flaccovio Editore, Palermo, Anno edizione: 2007
G. Maternini, S. Foini, Le intersezioni stradali a raso, Editore: Egaf, Brescia, Anno edizione: 2006
T. Esposito, R. Mauro, La progettazione funzionale delle strade, Editore: Helvelius Edizioni, Anno edizione: 2003

Data-driven and algorithmic technologies increasingly support or automate decisions in engineering, business, science, public policy and everyday life. Their outcomes, however, are not determined by technical performance alone: they also depend on how data are generated, selected and represented, on the objectives and constraints embedded in algorithms, and on the social contexts in which technological systems are designed and deployed.
The course provides students with an interdisciplinary framework for understanding, analysing and addressing fairness-related issues in data-driven technologies. It combines a sociological perspective on data, datafication and algorithmic processes with technical methods for identifying bias, evaluating different notions of fairness and designing fairness-aware technological and decision-making solutions.
The course is intended for students from different engineering backgrounds. It aims to show that data and algorithmic fairness is not a specialised topic limited to diversity and inclusion, but a central engineering challenge concerning the quality, reliability, legitimacy and societal impact of technological systems.
The sociological module introduces students to the relationship between data and society, considering the production and use of data as both a technological activity and a socio-political process. The technical module focuses on the mechanisms through which unfair outcomes may arise in data, algorithms and decision-making processes, and on methods and frameworks for evaluating and mitigating them.
Through lectures, discussions, case studies, exercises and a group project, students will learn to connect sociological interpretation, technical analysis and engineering design.

Upon successful completion of the course, students will be able to:
Explain and critically interpret how data and algorithmic systems are shaped by social, cultural, political and technological processes, and how their design and deployment may reproduce or transform existing inequalities.
Dublin Descriptor 1 — Knowledge and understanding
Analyse data-driven and algorithmic systems from a fairness perspective, identifying potential sources of bias across the different stages of the technological lifecycle and applying suitable concepts, criteria and methods to assess their outcomes.
Dublin Descriptor 2 — Applying knowledge and understanding
Formulate and justify fairness-aware design or policy choices, critically discussing alternative solutions, conflicting objectives, limitations and trade-offs, and clearly communicating the results of the analysis to audiences with different disciplinary backgrounds.
Dublin Descriptors 3 and 4 — Making judgements and communication skills
Class activities, independent study and project work will also support students in integrating technical and sociological perspectives, using feedback constructively and autonomously extending the course concepts to new application domains.
Dublin Descriptor 5 — Learning skills

The course is organised into two closely integrated modules.
Module A — Data and society: sociological perspectives
2 CFU
The first module introduces a sociological perspective on data and algorithmic processes. Data are considered not only as technical objects, but also as the result of social choices, classifications, institutional practices and power relations.
Topics include:
introduction to sociology and to the relationship between society and technology;
data, society and processes of datafication;
the social construction of data, categories and classifications;
identity, culture and technological systems;
the relationship between technology, power and inequality;
the role of gender, race and ethnicity, age, disability and socioeconomic conditions in the production and use of data;
historical and contemporary case studies concerning data-driven technologies;
data feminism and design justice;
epistemic injustice and its relevance to data production, technological design and decision-making;
the social, cultural and political implications of algorithmic systems in scientific, business, policy, healthcare and everyday-life contexts.
The module combines lectures with in-class discussions, exercises and case-study activities. This reflects the approach proposed for the sociological module, in which data production and application are treated as both technological and socio-political phenomena.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Valutazione continua obbligatoria
The course adopts an interdisciplinary and student-centred approach. Teaching activities combine:
lectures introducing sociological concepts, technical methods and analytical frameworks;
guided discussions on scientific literature, technological applications and controversial cases;
individual and small-group exercises;
analysis of real or realistic case studies;
activities requiring students to compare alternative definitions and approaches to fairness;
supervised development of a group project;
final presentation and discussion of project results.
The group project requires students to select or analyse a data-driven or algorithmic application and examine it from both a sociological and a technical fairness perspective. Depending on the selected case, students may analyse data generation, model assumptions, performance across population groups, decision rules, deployment conditions, affected stakeholders and possible mitigation strategies.
The project is intended to develop the ability to integrate perspectives from different disciplines and to formulate technically informed and socially aware design recommendations.
Indicative teaching mix
Teaching activity
Hours
Didattica trasmissiva/frontale
28
Didattica interattiva/partecipativa
12
Didattica laboratoriale
4
Didattica progettuale
6
Didattica valutativa
0
Total assisted teaching
50
Independent study and project work
75
Assisted teaching hours per CFU
10
This classification is consistent with the current distinction between transmissive teaching, interactive activities, laboratory work and project-based teaching. In particular, discussions, guided exercises and case-study activities fall within interactive teaching, while the supervised development and revision of the group assignment are appropriately classified as project-based teaching.

In the last decade, the notion of data has been associated with several changes, disruptions,
revolutions in various areas of our societies, as well as concerns, risks, and issues. Data
science, machine learning, artificial intelligence and big data have become central to every
aspect of social life. How can these complex and powerful technologies be managed and
governed for the benefit of all members of society now and in the future? In this course we will
address the growing attention to the embedding of data across different settings and the
challenges that such embedding brings for ethics and governance of data. The course equips
students with the knowledge and skills to reason on data governance and ethics. We introduce
key question tools on the use of data and associated technologies, reviewing ethical concerns
around data handling, and examining case studies from data collection, storage, and analysis.
Students are then encouraged to bring this increased awareness back to their own practice,

Il corso affronta le principali questioni teoriche relative all'innovazione socio-tecnica (quali i concetti di base dell'innovazione tecnologica, le dinamiche di diffusione delle innovazioni, i limiti del determinismo tecnologico, l'agency degli oggetti tecnologici, la flessibilità interpretativa della tecnologia, genere e tecnologia) e analizza esempi rilevanti di tecnologie d'avanguardia che hanno un impatto sulla società e sulla vita umana, come l'Internet delle cose, la fabbricazione digitale, la realtà aumentata e l'intelligenza artificiale. Anziché focalizzarsi sul loro funzionamento, le prestazioni e i problemi tecnici, il corso affronterà le questioni etiche che esse sollevano e gli impatti sociali che producono.

Obiettivo generale 1: fornire ai neolaureati la preparazione necessaria per superare positivamente colloqui di assunzione presso: aziende ferroviarie (Gestori di Infrastruttura e Imprese di Trasporto), Istituzioni pubbliche (Ministero Infrastrutture e Trasporti, Regioni, Province, ecc.), Istituti di ricerca e studi professionali, nonché per l'ammissione a corsi di Dottorato e Master di secondo livello (il Master annuale in Ingegneria delle Infrastrutture e dei Sistemi Ferroviari di Roma garantisce l'assunzione presso il gruppo Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane).
Obiettivo generale 2: offrire ai neolaureati l'opportunità di giovarsi di situazioni contingenti favorevoli, per esempio la continua e rilevante richiesta di ingegneri da parte di aziende di trasporto e mobilità di persone e merci. I numerosi e importanti investimenti programmati dal Piano Nazionale di Ripresa e Resilienza offrono già finora e offriranno nei prossimi anni moltissime opportunità di impiego e di sviluppo professionale.
Obiettivo generale 3: perfezionare la competenza e la professionalità dei neolaureati nel settore "orizzontale" dell'Ingegneria di Sistema, fortemente richieste in ambito lavorativo e necessarie per affrontare la vasta e variegata problematica dell'Ingegneria delle Infrastrutture, della Mobilità e dei Trasporti.
Obiettivo specifico 1: fornire agli studenti l'attitudine alla progettazione di servizi di trasporto ferroviario per la mobilità di merci e viaggiatori, alla gestione delle attività tipiche dei responsabili aziendali della manutenzione dei veicoli, della gestione del materiale rotabile e della circolazione dei treni, nonché alla programmazione dell'orario e del modello di esercizio.
Obiettivo specifico 2: integrare la trasversalità dell’approccio all’Ingegneria dei Sistemi di Trasporto e della Mobilità con la capacità di analizzare in modo interdisciplinare i problemi concreti che l’ingegnere incontrerà nel suo percorso professionale.
Obiettivo specifico 3: migliorare la capacità di lavorare in gruppo e di comunicare verbalmente e testualmente i metodi e i risultati del proprio lavoro.
Obiettivo specifico 4: acquisire competenze che favoriscono il superamento dell'esame facoltativo di Trasporti Marittimi e Intermodali nel secondo semestre del secondo anno della laurea magistrale, che si consiglia di sostenere a chi desidera completare la propria formazione nell'Ingegneria dei Trasporti.

Lo studente che ha superato l’esame conosce i seguenti elementi:
sistema ferroviario: relazioni tra Gestori di Infrastruttura e Imprese Ferroviarie, ruolo delle Istituzioni, in particolare dell'agenzia Nazionale per la Sicurezza Ferroviaria, ruolo degli altri soggetti coinvolti, in particolare gli enti responsabile della manutenzione, elementi essenziali del contesto normativo, componenti tecnologici del sistema, cenni alla normativa regolamentare;
circolazione ferroviaria: cultura della sicurezza, operazioni del distanziamento dei treni lungo l'infrastruttura e di movimento negli impianti e nelle stazioni, regimi di circolazione, sistemi di esercizio;
tecnologie dell'infrastruttura: collegamenti di sicurezza, impianti di blocco, impianti di comunicazione terra-treno e treno-terra;
veicoli: struttura e componenti del materiale di trazione e del materiale trainato, dispositivi di sicurezza, impianto frenante, comportamento dinamico in relazione con l'infrastruttura;
trazione: sistemi di elettrificazione delle infrastrutture ferroviarie, azionamenti installati sul materiale di trazione, comportamento termico degli azionamenti, modalità di impiego efficiente dei veicoli di trazione;
azienda ferroviaria: modalità di produzione del servizio, teoria dei guasti, principi di progettazione della manutenzione del materiale rotabile;
progettazione e gestione del servizio: progettazione dell'orario e del servizio, turnazione del materiale e del personale, formazione dei treni.
Lo studente acquisisce le competenze di base per lo svolgimento, tra le altre possibili, delle seguenti attività:
circolazione sull'infrastruttura ferroviaria: calcolo della potenzialità delle linee e dei nodi, stesura delle specifiche e dei capitolati per la fornitura di impianti di sicurezza della circolazione;
veicoli: valutazione delle prestazioni dei veicoli di trazione e dei veicoli rimorchiati, esecuzione di valutazioni tecnico-funzionali e di metodi speditivi per la redazione dei regolamenti di esercizio, organizzazione di un parco veicoli, stesura delle specifiche e dei capitolati per la fornitura di veicoli motori e rimorchiati;
azienda ferroviaria: programmazione del servizio, progettazione dell’orario, progettazione della manutenzione, produzione del trasporto.
Lo studente consegue la capacità di conoscere gli elementi fondamentali e applicativi del sistema ferroviario per la mobilità delle persone e delle merci, comprendere la sua problematica tipica, apprendere i metodi necessari per la progettazione e la gestione del sistema e applicare le proprie capacità progettuali e gestionali alle varie situazioni che incontrerà nel suo percorso professionale.
Lo studente consegue l’autonomia di giudizio necessaria per:
valutare l’entità e le caratteristiche dei problemi tipici dell’esercizio di un sistema ferroviario e metropolitano;
individuare il metodo più adeguato per risolverli;
lavorare in gruppo e confrontarsi con gli altri soggetti con i quali deve interagire;
comunicare verbalmente e testualmente.

Argomenti dell'insegnamento - A.A. 2025/2026
1 - Sistema ferroviario
Componenti ed elementi di un sistema ferroviario, generalità, definizioni, classificazioni.
Funzioni e requisiti di un sistema ferroviario.
Funzioni e servizi dell'esercizio: movimento, trazione, pianificazione e programmazione, manutenzione, amministrazione.
Panoramica sui veicoli, le composizioni e le prestazioni.
2 - Circolazione, Impianti, Infrastrutture
Principi della circolazione ferroviaria, sicurezza, fail safe. Collegamenti di sicurezza.
Marcia a vista, operazioni del distanziamento, vulnerabilità, comunicazione terra-treno, segnalamento.
Regimi elementari (cenni): bastone pilota, regimi a tempo.
Regimi a spazio, consenso telefonico (cenni fondamentali), blocco manuale (cenni fondamentali), blocco automatico, blocco radio, blocco mobile.
Ripetizione dei segnali continua e discontinua, livelli di automazione, ATC, SCMT, SSC.
Sistemi per l’interoperabilità europea: ERMTS/ETCS.
Circolazione nelle stazioni, itinerari, istradamenti. Collegamenti di sicurezza. Logica meccanizzata, cablata, programmata. Apparati centrali, ACE, ACEI, ACS.
Sistemi di esercizio: spola, DL, DU, DC, DCO, SCC.
3 - Veicolo
Composizioni, rodiggio, caratteristiche generali dei veicoli.
Ruota, sala montata, sospensioni, accoppiamento ruota/infrastruttura, scartamento.
Carrelli, componenti e organi vari.
Organi di aggancio e di repulsione.
Organi di captazione e contatto con l'infrastruttura elettrica.
Equilibrio longitudinale delle forze, fenomeno del cabraggio.
Equilibrio trasversale delle forze, comportamento in curva, compensazione, limitazione della velocità, assetto della cassa variabile e pendolamento.
Ribaltamento e svio.
Apparato frenante, massa frenata, grado di frenatura, determinazione della velocità massima.
4 - Trazione
Elementi generali: sistemi elettrici di trasporto, motori di trazione, sistemi di alimentazione dell'infrastruttura.
Problematica della trazione elettrica.
Elementi di elettrotecnica (cenni fondamentali propedeutici): potenza elettrica, legge di Ohm, cadute di tensione, trasformazione, conversione statica.
Motore asincrono a corrente alternata trifase: diagrammi caratteristici e regolazione.
Motore a corrente continua a eccitazione serie (cenni): diagrammi caratteristici e regolazione.
Comportamento termico e sovraccarico.
Linee di alimentazione.
Sviluppo delle nuove tecnologie.
5 - Programmazione e gestione del servizio
Cenni alla normativa regolamentare: RCT, PGOS, RS.
Composizione e formazione dei treni.
Prestazioni, categorie di velocità, composizioni bloccate.
Potenzialità delle linee e degli impianti.
Progettazione dell'orario. Coincidenze, cadenzamento.
Pianificazione degli interventi e produzione del servizio.
Turnazione del materiale e del personale.
Teoria dei guasti, RAMS, Sistema di Gestione della Sicurezza.
Principi di progettazione della manutenzione del materiale rotabile.
Organizzazione di un'azienda ferroviaria (cenni fondamentali).
Progetto
Durante il periodo didattico gli studenti realizzeranno un progetto integrato e coordinato con quello che si svolge nell'insegnamento parallelo di Progetto di Ferrovie (tenuto dal Prof. Cassano).
Finalità del progetto sono la programmazione, il dimensionamento, la gestione di un sistema, un impianto e/o un servizio ferroviario viaggiatori e merci.
Il progetto è composto, generalmente, da due parti: l'esercizio e l'infrastruttura (o viceversa). Nella prima parte di definiscono le prestazioni richieste a un impianto in funzione del servizio che deve svolgere, nella seconda parte se ne progettano l'infrastruttura, le opere civili e/o la cantierizzazione. Questa seconda sezione fa parte dell'insegnamento di Progetto di Ferrovie.
Il progetto si svolge in gruppi di tre-quattro studenti. Esempi di progetto:
dimensionamento di un impianto di formazione treni a composizione bloccata o non bloccata e della relativa officina,
progettazione di un cantiere fisso o mobile,
dimensionamento di un impianto di smistamento merci o di un terminale intermodale,
configurazione di una stazione di testa o di transito in relazione al servizio programmato,
progettazione di un servizio ferroviario cioè: materiale rotabile impiegato, prestazioni, orario di servizio, conoscendo le caratteristiche dei veicoli e dell'infrastruttura,
circolazione dei treni su una linea omotachica o eterotachica, definendone gli incroci, le precedenze e le tracce orarie.
Ogni studente/gruppo deve procedere autonomamente allo sviluppo del lavoro dopo averlo impostato e discusso con il docente, mettendo in gioco tutto quanto visto nelle lezioni teoriche, nelle esercitazioni illustrate in aula e nella cospicua documentazione disponibile nel sito WeBeep. Ulteriore documentazione è reperibile direttamente e liberamente su Internet; a tal fine è disponibile un elenco di siti consigliati. È inoltre lasciata a ciascuno la completa libertà di acquisire e consultare la documentazione che ritiene utile.
Il contenuto del progetto sarà presentato da ogni gruppo alla fine del periodo didattico e sarà oggetto dell'esame.
Visite tecniche
Se le ore a disposizione lo permetteranno, si organizzeranno possibilmente tre visite didattiche a impianti ferroviari:
sale operative che regolano la circolazione telecomandata delle linee del compartimento di Milano,
depositi e officine Trenord di Milano Fiorenza e di Novate Milanese: locomotive e treni viaggiatori del servizio regionale,
deposito e officina di Milano Smistamento: locomotive del trasporto merci.
Seminari didattici
Compatibilmente con gli strettissimi tempi messi a disposizione dall'orario didattico, è previsto lo svolgimento di seminari tenuti da tecnici esterni, il cui apporto è finalizzato a integrare la didattica teorica trasferendo agli studenti la propria esperienza pluri-decennale nella progettazione e nella gestione di sistemi ferroviari e del servizio che su di essi si svolge. I seminari costituiscono anche una occasione di contatto con le aziende in vista di un eventuale futuro coinvolgimento professionale.
Tesi di laurea
Il docente è disponibile per l'assegnazione di tesi di laurea magistrale con controrelatore e senza controrelatore aventi come oggetto gli elementi trattati nell'insegnamento o, eventualmente, l'ulteriore sviluppo del progetto. Negli ultimi anni una dozzina di tesi a tematica ferroviaria è stata insignita di premi e borse di studio da parte del Collegio Ingegneri Ferroviari Italiani.
Tirocini curricolari e non curricolari
L'acquisizione delle tecniche e dei metodi dell'Ingegneria dei Sistemi Ferroviari può essere efficacemente integrata dallo svolgimento di tirocini presso aziende ferroviarie o altri operatori civili e industriali del settore. Il docente informerà periodicamente gli studenti in merito alla disponibilità di tirocini.
Se il docente ritiene che ne sussistano le condizioni, l'attività svolta nei tirocini può essere ulteriormente sviluppata per la preparazione della tesi di laurea.
Si segnala che in moltissimi casi il percorso esame+tirocinio+tesi si è concluso con l'assunzione o comunque con la formalizzazione di un contratto di lavoro, anche prima del conseguimento della laurea.
Documentazione didattica
Si segnalano questi due testi disponibili nelle librerie e nelle biblioteche del Politecnico: "Ingegneria dei sistemi ferroviari" (Ricci 2014) e "Elementi generali dell'esercizio ferroviario" (Cesari et al. 2017). Essi sono consigliati in quanto forniscono una buona preparazione di base degli argomenti che sono oggetto di approfondimento nell’insegnamento e come testi di riferimento in ambito professionale. Come utile compendio, è disponile la registrazione delle lezioni svolte negli anni accademici precedenti; anche le lezioni di quest'anno accademico saranno registrate e pubblicate al termine del periodo didattico.
Per la preparazione dell’esame non è disponibile un testo commerciale unico ed esaustivo, tuttavia sono messe a disposizione gratuitamente, sul sito WeBeep, le presentazioni usate nelle lezioni e le dispense didattiche.
Alla fine del ciclo didattico si fornisce un documento contenente alcune Linee Guida orientative per la preparazione dell’esame corredate da un elenco molto dettagliato che indica, per ogni singolo punto del programma, le rispettive diapositive delle presentazioni e le pagine delle dispense.
Le presentazioni sono pubblicate sul sito WeBeep prima delle rispettive lezioni per agevolare la scrittura degli appunti.
Durante lo sviluppo delle lezioni i documenti didattici possono subire modifiche e integrazioni finalizzate a migliorare il contenuto dei vari argomenti del programma e soprattutto per rendere più efficace la preparazione dell'esame.
Sono inoltre messi a disposizione molti altri testi la cui lettura è facoltativa, ma vivamente consigliata per migliorare la conoscenza della materia e per supportare i testi forniti dal docente. I testi più rilevanti sono elencati nella bibliografia. L’elenco completo è fornito all’inizio delle lezioni.

Prova orale obbligatoria
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
L'esame consiste in un colloquio orale che inizia con la discussione del progetto e prosegue con domande relative agli argomenti trattati a lezione nonché nei seminari didattici e nelle visite tecniche.
Generalmente (ma non necessariamente) le domande riguardano due argomenti fondamentali (che saranno indicati nelle Linee Guida per la preparazione dell’esame) ed eventuali argomenti complementari finalizzati all’incremento della votazione finale.
Durante la discussione del progetto lo studente deve dimostrare di conoscerne i contenuti, i metodi e i risultati.
Ulteriori elementi di valutazione sono costituiti dalla capacità di organizzare discorsivamente l’esposizione con efficacia e linearità, dalla capacità di ragionamento critico sullo studio compiuto, dalla correttezza nell’impiego del lessico specialistico e soprattutto nella capacità di collegamento trasversale con i contenuti dell’Ingegneria dei Sistemi della Mobilità e dei Trasporti acquisiti durante il percorso della laurea magistrale.

Roberto Maja, Circolazione ferroviaria, Anno edizione: 2024
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Meccanica del veicolo ferroviario, Anno edizione: 2013
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Frenatura dei veicoli ferroviari, Anno edizione: 2024
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Trazione ferroviaria, Anno edizione: 2023
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Composizione e formazione dei treni, Anno edizione: 2025
Note: Dispensa del corso
Emmanuele Vaghi (Dirigente RFI), Progettazione servizio ferroviario, Anno edizione: 2014
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Manutenzione dei veicoli ferroviari, Anno edizione: 2013
Note: Dispensa del corso
Roberto Maja, Elementi di elettrotecnica e macchine elettriche, Anno edizione: 2022
Note: Dispensa del corso
Stefano Ricci, Ingegneria dei sistemi ferroviari, Editore: Egaf, Forlì, Anno edizione: 2013
Note: Testo commerciale
Cesari F. Rizzo V., Lucchetti L., Elementi generali dell'esercizio ferroviario, Editore: CIFI, Roma, 2° edizione, Anno edizione: 2017
Note: Testo commerciale
Bruno Dalla Chiara et al., Trasporti terrestri ed energia, Editore: Egaf, Forlì, Anno edizione: 2017
Note: Testo commerciale
Giuseppe Acquaro, I Sistemi di Gestione della Sicurezza Ferroviaria, Editore: CIFI, Roma, Anno edizione: 2019
Note: Testo commerciale
Francesca Ciuffini, Orario Ferroviario - Integrazione e Connettività, Editore: CIFI, Roma, Anno edizione: 2019
Note: Testo commerciale
Paolo Beria, Atlante dei Trasporti Italiani - Infrastrutture, offerta, domanda, Editore: Libreria geografica, Anno edizione: 2019
Note: Testo commerciale

This course deals with the application of ethical theories to problems created, aggravated, or transformed by technology (broadly construed). It aims at showing how the processes of technology design, development, management, control, and production are i nherently moral. It intends to give students a chance, and the proper conceptual resources, to reflect on the ethical, social, and cultural impact of technological applications.
The course includes lectures by the instructor, workshops, and student presentations. Class participation is warmly encouraged. Students are expected to critically reflect on what they learn during the course, share ideas and insights during class discussions and activities, and put theory into practice.

Dublin Descriptors
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Acquire a broad perspective on the ethical and social impacts and implications of science and technology;
Be acquainted with normative ethics and normative argumentation;
Learn how to recognize and analyze ethical and social aspects and issues inherent in some technological applications;
Be able to understand how technical problems are inherently connected to a social dimension within a socio-technical perspective.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Be able to use critical skills in clarifying and ethically analyzing case-studies involving technology;
Be able to apply ethical theories to problems created, aggravated or transformed by current technologies;
Be able to explore and assess possibilities for solving or diminishing existing and emerging ethical and social problems.
Making judgements
Students will be able:
To autonomously and critically analyze the ethical issues raised by a given technology;
To evaluate and select the appropriate knowledge in the effort of elaborating and justifying a philosophical argument on a topic autonomously selected.
Communication
Students will learn to:
Exercise and improve their skills in a critical writing;
Present in an effective way the results of their research, being able to justify their choices.
Lifelong learning skills
Students will:
Be better prepared to their future professional life in an ethically and socially responsible way;
Be able to analyze problems through an ethical lens.

The course will cover different topics both from a theoretical and a more practical point of view. After a broad introduction on the ethical significance of Technology and Engineering, the course will first discuss traditional topics in Engineering Ethics, such as Professional Ethics, the notion of Responsibility, the Problem of Many Hands, and Whistleblowing. Secondly, the course will focus on Technology Ethics by analyzing the Non-Neutrality of Technology, Value Mediation, and Design Ethics. Once the ethical significance of Engineering and Technology is clarified, the course will provide tools to appropriately discuss moral problems by introducing Normative Ethical Theories (Consequentialism, Deontology, Virtue Ethics) and specifying their function in Applied Ethics. As a conclusive step, the overarching value of Sustainability will be examined, its main components investigated, and related ethical challenges debated.
Workshop activities held throughout the course will explore the most fundamental notion of Technological Mediation.
Class sessions will be dedicated to supervise students in the development of the individual final essay in order for it to meet the standards required by scientific publications.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, individuale, con revisioni periodiche, senza presentazione/discussione finale
Altro
Type of assessment
Description
Dublin descriptor
Collective presentations
[Mandatory only for 5 CFU]
Students are encouraged to:
Develop an argument in which the presented claims are justified by the use of ethical argumentation and the relevant literature;
Discuss this argument in an oral presentation in class in front of the instructor and their student colleagues.
1, 3
4, 5
Individual written essay
The individual final essay must show that the student has the capacity to read and carefully study the suggested bibliography and the ability to apply it to case-studies or relevant topics;
The individual final essay requires students to have developed critical skills in analyzing technical problems with the tools provided by ethical theories and argumentation.
1, 2
3, 4, 5

Ibo van de Poel, Lambèr Royakkers, Ethics and Engineering: An Introduction, Editore: Wiley-Blackwell, Anno edizione: 2011
Sven Ove Hansson (Ed.), The Ethics of Technology. Methods and Approaches., Editore: Rowman & Littlefield, Anno edizione: 2017
Batya Friedman, David G. Hendry, Value Sensitive Design: Shaping Technology with Moral Imagination, Editore: The MIT Press, Anno edizione: 2019
Behnam Taebi, Ethics and Engineering. An Introduction., Editore: Cambridge University Press, Anno edizione: 2021
Sven Nyholm, This is Technology Ethics: An Introduction., Editore: Wiley-Blackwell, Anno edizione: 2023

The course gives the students an overview of the hybrid and electric powertrain commonly used in the automotive sector. The main objective is to analyze the hybrid/electric vehicle at system level, therefore analyzing how different solutions in the powertrain component sizing affects the whole vehicle performances. Scenarios and perspectives for the electrification will be discussed considering especially the European market before detailing the main important technical aspects: vehicle architecture, electrical motor/converter, on board storage system, energy management algorithms and charging infrastructures.

Lectures will provide the basis for basic knowledge to understand all the key aspect involved in the design of a hybrid / electric powertrain ( Knowledge and understanding ). Furthermore, in order to give the student an industrial picture of electrification, seminars given by engineers from automotive companies will be organized. In this way students will understand both the research and the industrial approach to the electric/hybrid vehicle.
A project regarding the hybridization/electrification of a powertrain, will be used to let the student to acquire the knowlodge to face some engineering problem as the sizing of hybrid powertrain, of battery or hybrid storage system. Students will work in groups (3-4 person) during th whole semester in order to apply the acquired knowledge on a specific vehicle to be analyzed, proposing a hybridization/electrification solution. During the course the project development will be discussed with the lecturer/tutors. This project will be presented during the final exam.

The main topics of the course are listed in the following bullets.
Scenarios and perspectives for the electrification in road transport: market prenetration of hybrid and electric vehicles, requirements for mass production, forecasts especially considering the European market;
Hybrid and electric vehicles’ architectures: overview of the different mechanical layouts of hybrid and electric powertrains, influence on the powertrain performance and complexity, evaluation of the overall efficiency and the related pollutant emissions;
Electric motors and power converters: basic working principles and fundamental equations of the principal electric machines (Permanent Magnet brushless DC, PM brushless AC, axial flux synchronous motors, …) used in battery/hybrid electric vehicles, sizing and thermal issues, overview on power electronic technologies used for on board power converters (Mosfets, IGBTs,...);
On board storage systems: different battery chemistries and technologies, overview of other on board storage systems, forecast of future battery performances, Battery Management System, hybrid storage systems, battery testing;
Energy management algorithms: overview of energy management algorithms, optimization algorithms;
Electric Vehicles Battery Charging Systems: different kinds of charging modes, standards for BEV charging infrastructure, connector typologies for quick/fast/ultrafast charging, communication protocols between vehicle and charging infrastructures, impact of charging infrastructures on electric distribution grids;
CAN bus communication protocol: physical frame, database structure, devices and show cases;
Laboratory visits and company presentations.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The final assessment of the course consists in an oral test in which the project work will be discussed and analyzed.
Students are requested to merge in small group and together will re-design the powertrain of an existing vehicle, transforming it into an hybrid or full electric one (project work).
The aim of the oral discussion is to verify that students:
have acquired a sufficient level of knowledge and understanding of the course topics;
are able to apply knowledge in solving engineering problem with specific reference to the project the student worked on during the course;
are able to communicate with a proper technical language.

Mehrdad Ehsani, Yimin Gao, Stefano Longo, Modern Electric, Hybrid Electric, and Fuel Cell Vehicles, Editore: Taylor & Francis Ltd, Anno edizione: 2018, ISBN: 9781138330498
Sheldon S. Williamson, Energy Management Strategies for Electric and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, Editore: Springer, ISBN: 978-1-4614-7710-5

The objective of this course is to apply engineering knowledge and design methodologies to the development of a Formula Student competition vehicle. The course is based on project-oriented activities related to the design, development, testing and validation of vehicle subsystems, within a multidisciplinary engineering framework.
Students will address practical engineering problems involving mechanical design, vehicle dynamics, powertrain, electronics, control, data acquisition, autonomous systems, project management and technical communication. The activities are intended to strengthen the connection between theoretical knowledge and real engineering practice, with particular attention to design constraints, performance targets, reliability, manufacturability and competition regulations.
Through collaborative project work, students will contribute to the development of specific technical solutions and will learn how different vehicle subsystems interact within the overall vehicle architecture.

Students will be able to:
apply theoretical knowledge to the design, development and validation of a complex engineering system;
analyze technical problems involving multiple constraints, trade-offs and performance requirements;
contribute to the development of a specific vehicle subsystem or project area;
critically evaluate design choices, experimental results and possible improvements;
work within a multidisciplinary project framework;
communicate technical results through reports and oral presentations.

The course will cover project-based activities related to the development of a Formula Student competition vehicle. Depending on the specific project activity, students may address topics related to:
mechanical and structural design of vehicle components;
vehicle dynamics, suspension setup and performance analysis;
powertrain, energy systems and control parameters;
aerodynamics and vehicle performance optimization;
electronics, sensors, data acquisition and embedded systems;
control, software architectures and autonomous driving functions;
project management, technical documentation, regulation compliance and communication.
Students will focus on one or more of these areas through project activities defined according to the objectives of the course.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, individuale, senza revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The final evaluation of the course is conducted through a presentation to the instructor and other teams of the results achieved during the course.
Aim of the discussion is to evaluate:

• quality and innovativness of the technical results obtained;
• ability of the students to properly apply problem solving skills and team work;
• clear presentation skills of the results and methodologies in front of an audience.

The objective of this course is to apply the theoretical skills acquired during the student's study program to the development of a motorbike by the Polimi Motorcycle Factory (PMF) for the MotoStudent competition.
The course covers various aspects of motorbike design, including chassis design, powertrain design, aerodynamics (fairings), vehicle dynamic behavior, and motorbike control.
Following the design phase, students will construct the motorbike using laboratory facilities. This will be followed by testing on circuits/tracks and culminate in participation in the final competition.

Students will be able to:
apply their knowledge to the prototypal motorbike designed for the MotoStudent competition;
conduct critical analyses on a complex system with numerous constraints, demonstrating their understanding and judgment skills;
present their results effectively by preparing the technical reports required for the competition, showcasing their communication skills.

The course will cover the following main topics:
chassis design: load estimation on the motorbike chassis and swingarm, FEM analysis, carbon fiber swingarm design, production, and testing;
motorbike dynamics: analysis of the motorbike's dynamic behavior, considering different component layouts affecting the center of gravity (COG), various suspension configurations, and rider motion/position;
powertrain: design of the motorbike powertrain, battery design, setup of motor control algorithm parameters using brake test rigs, and definition of control algorithms;
aerodynamics & fairings: design and simulation of the motorbike aerodynamics using CFD, evaluation of different fairing shapes, and construction and testing of the fairings;
electronics & firmware: design of all PCBs and software necessary for the motorbike's operation (e.g., battery BMS, main control unit - ECU, and sensor board);
business & communication: support for the concept development phase and all communication activities.
Students will focus on one of the above-mentioned topics throughout the laboratory. Their activities will be carried out in the corresponding division of the Polimi PMF team.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Valutazione continua obbligatoria
The final assessment of the course is based on the student's activity within their team division, culminating in a presentation of their specific contributions to the overall project.
The aim of the oral discussion is to verify that students:
have acquired a sufficient level of knowledge and understanding of the course topics;
are able to apply their knowledge to solve engineering problems, with specific reference to the project they worked on during the course;
are able to communicate effectively using appropriate technical language.

Main learning objectives for this lab are:
Hydrostatics: Equip students with understanding of the principles of hydrostatics, including buoyancy, stability, and the behavior of floating bodies.
Hydrodynamics: Teach the fundamental concepts of hydrodynamics, including fluid flow around hulls, wave resistance, and the impact of water motion on boat performance.
Hybrid Propulsion Systems: Introduce the principles and design considerations of hybrid propulsion systems, focusing on technologies that enable zero-emission boats.
Practical Application: Provide hands-on experience through dedicated laboratories to reinforce theoretical knowledge.
Collaborative Research: Foster collaboration with the Physis PEB team to expose students to real-world challenges in marine engineering.

By the end of the course, students will be able to:
Analyze Hydrostatic Properties:
Calculate and assess the buoyancy, stability, and equilibrium of floating bodies.
Understand and apply the principles of static stability in boat design.
Evaluate Hydrodynamic Performance:
Evaluate the impact of wave-making and resistance on boat performance.
Design Hybrid Propulsion Systems:
Understand the components and functioning of hybrid propulsion systems.
Design and simulate hybrid propulsion systems tailored for zero-emission marine vessels.
Conduct Experiments and Simulations:
Perform laboratory experiments to measure hydrostatic and hydrodynamic properties.
Use simulation software to model and analyze boat performance and propulsion systems.
Collaborate on Research Projects:
Work effectively in teams to tackle real-world engineering problems.
Present research findings and design projects in a professional manner.

Laboratory Sessions:
Practical sessions on the design and simulation of different components of an electric boat, depending on the project topic
Project Work:
Group projects in collaboration with the Physis PEB team, focusing on innovative solutions for zero-emission boats
Presentation and documentation of project progress
The laboratory activities can be carried out during the entire academic year according to the specific projects of the Physis PEB Team.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The student will be required to develop a project related to the design of a boat, the completion of which will require learning the topics discussed within the course. The assessment will consist of an exposition of the project in front of the lecturers.

Logistics management and freight transportation have now become key business areas for companies to compete, be successful and thrive in nowadays’ business environment, characterized by increasing pressure on customer service levels, quality and operating cost compressions. Furthermore, logistics management is an area which, by its nature, has a global outlook and reach, with most logistics practitioners dealing with an array of international issues. Hence, it is essential that the future managers and professionals are equipped with a solid foundation of the discipline and with cutting edge practical knowledge of logistics and freight transportation processes and activities at a global scale. They require a comprehensive knowledge and experience of the key tools of analysis, modelling and measurement for making better and informed decisions to achieve the objectives of efficiency and effectiveness.
The aims of this module are:
to provide students with advanced knowledge of the principles, practices and tools for designing, analyzing and managing logistics and freight transportation processes at a global scale;
to explore the integrative role of Logistics within organizations and the impact upon logistics and freight transportation processes of the significant changes in the wider context and competitive environment;
to develop into students a strong problem solving skill also through the use of a scientific and engineering approach;
to lead students to engage with real-life logistics problems working in teams and communicating ideas.

On successful completion of this module, students will be able to:
Module learning outcome description
LO1
Critically compare and contrast different contemporary principles, practices and tools for managing logistics and freight transportation processes by engaging with the relevant literature and practices at the forefront of the discipline.
LO2
Systematically analyse, synthesise and evaluate unstructured and complex logistics and freight transportation problems for decision making at a global scale.
LO3
Design and formulate innovative solutions to practical real-life logistics and freight transportation problems by using relevant modelling approaches in an original and creative way.
LO4
Construct and deliver effective reporting to demonstrate self-direction and a critical understanding of current logistics and freight transportation problems.

Indicative content
The strategic role of Logistics Management. Definition of Logistics Management. Evolution of Logistics into Supply Chain Management. Logistics processes and principles. The role of Logistics in the corporate strategy. Types of Logistics Strategies.
Design of Logistics and Distribution Systems. Logistics network design and management. Distribution network typologies: single and multi-echelon, hub and spoke, mixed structures. Outsourcing of Logistics: objectives, logistics service providers, selection criteria.
Logistics and Freight Transportation Execution. Freight Transportation Management. Multi-modal logistics and freight transportation types/performance (road, sea freight, rail, air freight, multimodal/intermodal). The pro’s and con’s of each transport mode in the design of the supply chain network. The history, types, trends and roles of warehouses in global supply chains. Warehouse operations, functions, processes. Warehouse Design and Management: objectives, criteria, methodologies, quantitative decision-support models.
Logistics Performance Measurement. Logistics costs measurement and analysis. Customer service KPIs. “Cost-Service” relationship.
Trends, challenges and innovations in logistics and freight transportation. Logistics integration and information sharing. Risk and sustainability. Logistics for B2C e-commerce and omni-channel logistics.
Module Learning and Teaching Methods and Rationale for Selection
Given the aims and the learning outcomes, this module will be delivered through a combination of:
Lectures, e. theoretical sessions to provide students with the subject knowledge. Sufficient time will be allocated for small group discussions of case study material and real companies’ experiences (LO1, LO2)
Tutorials, e. practical sessions during which students will have the opportunity to apply the acquired knowledge to solve case studies, industrial problems and exercises (LO2, LO3, LO4)
Seminars, e. masterclasses delivered by external guests (top managers from companies) to provide students with strong connections to the real-life applications of what has been learnt during the module (LO1, LO2, LO3)
This approach is suitable for the purposes of this course since it allows for the acquisition of theoretical knowledge and practical application of concepts. Students will be facilitated to achieve all Learning Outcomes and to reach a sufficient depth of learning that is required at a Masters Level.
The teaching material consists of: (i) set of slides supporting the theoretical lectures; (ii) practical exercises; (iii) supplementary exercises; (iv) selected references (selection of papers and chapters of relevant books, videos, etc.). All the material will be available before the related teaching session on https://beep.metid.polimi.it.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Written individual closed book exam, including:
Theoretical Questions, i.e. questions that ask for a recall of knowledge, such as questions beginning with “describe”, “discuss” and “explain”, and questions that seek application of knowledge, analytical thinking and problem solving in specific contexts/problems, i.e. “what if” type questions (LO1, LO2, LO3, LO4)
Quantitative Exercises, e. practical numerical exercises where students are required to apply the tools and models learnt during the module (LO2, LO3)

Ballou, R.H., Business Logistics/Supply Chain Management, Editore: Pearson
Chopra, S. and Meindl, P., Supply Chain Management Strategy, Planning and Operation, Editore: Pearson
Grant, D., Logistics Management, Editore: Pearson
Simchi-Levi, D., Kaminsky, P. and Simchi-Levi, E., Designing and Managing the Supply Chain: Concepts, Strategies and Case Studies, Editore: McGraw-Hill

The course provides the students with theoretical, algorithmic, and programming tools for the analysis and design of mobility and transportation networks with focus on the four primary tasks that a network analyst typically encounters: network construction, macro-scale analysis of a network, meso-scale analysis of a network, and micro-scale analysis of a network..
During the course the students will learn and get acquainted with powerful quantitative tools that are key to describe mobility patterns, habits and infrastructures and to identify possible high-impact and/or low-cost optimization strategies in a cutting-edge bottom-up data-driven perspective alternative to the classical top-down model-based approaches. Two third of the course is dedicated to theoretical and exercise classes and one third of it is dedicated to four hands-on group projects dedicated to the identification of specific network optimization strategies through the analysis of data sets either provided by private and institutional partners or publically available.

Theoretical classes, exercise classes, and team projects will allow students to acquire the following competences:
Knowledge and understanding.
Having successfully taken the course examination, the students are expected to:

• know the theoretical principles of network analysis;
• know the correct terminology of network analysis;
• know the fundamental characteristics of the most important algorithms of network algorithms and models.
  Ability of applying knowledge and understanding.
  Having successfully taken the course examination, the students are expected to:
• be able to apply the attained knowledge to specific problems using open source software;
• be able to select the principles which are useful to obtain the solutions to the problems at hand.
  Communication.
  Having successfully taken the course examination, the students are expected to:
• be able to verbally and graphically present the results of a real-world network analysis;
• be able to critically discuss the results of a real-world network analysis.
  Lifelong learning skills.
  Having successfully taken the course examination, the students are expected to:
• be able to develop simple projects on real-world data;
• be able to implement models and algorithms using the R programming environment.

In early 2000, Stephen Hawking said that “the next century will be the century of complexity” and thus new scientific theories, data collection methods, and analytic techniques would have been needed for the study of complex systems. Network science views the world through a network lens, where physical and/or immaterial systems are modeled as a large set of pairwise interacting “atoms”. As correctly predicted by Stephen Hawking, nowadays network analysis is undoubtfully one of the largest recently grown areas in the quantitative sciences. It has indeed permeated numerous daily life aspects like the Internet, social networks, viral marketing, and of course mobility and transportation communities and infrastructures.
The mathematical synthesis of mobility as a complex network opens the way for a thorough statistical investigation of complex mobility systems. Just to mention some possible outputs of the analysis:
Identification of routes on the network into which to frame the native mobility offer (by means of optimization algorithms for solving the travelling salesman problem);
Identification of mobility communities to introduce virtuous vehicle sharing practices (by means of community detection algorithms);
Identification of hubs where to locate public services such maximize their accessibility (by means of node centrality analysis);
Identification of bottle necks that can trigger a systemic crisis of the network (by means of edge betweenness indicators);
Identification of unexploited routes which could dramatically reduce travelling time (by means of artificial edge augmentation).
In details, the course focuses on theoretical, algorithmic, and programming tools for the analysis of networks; and it is structured according to the four primary tasks that a network analyst typically encounters:
network construction,
macro-scale analysis,
meso-scale analysis,
micro-scale analysis.
The course is structured in:
Theoretical Classes. Three classes dedicated to the presentation of specific methods and algorithms of network analysis.
Laboratory Classes. Four classes dedicated to applying methods and algorithms on real case studies in the fields of mobility and transportation using open source software.
Project 1-to-1 Revisions. Three classes dedicated to the revision of group projects.
Project Class Presentations. Two classes dedicated to the presentation to the class of the advancements of group projects.

Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Valutazione continua obbligatoria
Evaluation is based on a group projects made of 2 or 3 students focusing
on the analysis of one or more real or simulated mobility networks.
Evaluation is continuous and based on the the group projects:
Intermediate Presentation Macro & Micro-scale analysis (10’) + Q&A
Intermediate Presentation Macro, Meso, Micro-scale, and Statistical analysis (10’) + Q&A
Final Presentation (20’) + Q&A + Written Report
At the end of each intermediate presentation, each group will be given by both the teachers and the classmates a traffic-light rating exclusively intended as an indication about the quality of the work, the quality of the presentation, and the ability of discussing the results with the teachers and the class.
The final grade (from 0 to 30L) will be given by the teachers and will depend on the final presentation and the written report according to the same criteria used for the intermediate presentations.
During the exam, the students will have to demonstrate to:

• know the theoretical principles of network analysis;
• know the correct terminology of network analysis;
• know the fundamental characteristics of the most important algorithms of network algorithms and models.
• be able to apply the attained knowledge to specific problems using open source software;
• be able to select the principles which are useful to obtain the solutions to the problems at hand;
• be able to verbally and graphically present the results of a real-world network analysis.
• be able to critically discuss the results of a real-world network analysis.

Douglas A. Luke, A User's Guide to Network Analysis in R, Editore: Springer, Anno edizione: 2015
Eric D. Kolaczyk, Gabor Csardi, Statistical Analysis of Network Data with R, Editore: Springer, Anno edizione: 2014

The course aims at providing the students with a critical understanding of the philosophical foundations of science and technology. But what is the relation between philosophy and science? On the one hand, the discoveries by scientists are often inspired by philosophical ideas. On the other hand, scientific achievements and technological advancements pose deep conceptual questions to philosophers. The connection between these disciplines is thus so tied that it becomes difficult to even draw a border between them. This course explores such a connection through the study of important episodes in the history of science. Outstanding issues of philosophy of science and technology, such as scientific progress, the method of science and the confirmation of theories and laws, will be addressed. Moreover, a particular focus will be devoted to philosophical questions concerning the nature of space as they emerge in the foundations of science, especially in relation to the famous debate between Leibniz and Newton.

The course aims at providing the students with a critical understanding of the philosophical foundations of science and technology.
But what is the relation between philosophy and science? On the one hand, the discoveries by scientists are often inspired by philosophical ideas. On the other hand, scientific achievements and technological advancements pose deep conceptual questions to philosophers. The connection between these disciplines is thus so tied that it becomes difficult to even draw a border between them. This course explores such a connection through the study of important episodes in the history of science. Outstanding issues of philosophy of science and technology, such as scientific progress, the method of science and the confirmation of theories and laws, will be addressed. Moreover, a particular focus will be devoted to philosophical questions concerning the nature of space as they emerge in the foundations of science, especially in relation to the famous debate between Leibniz and Newton. Finally, in the context of philosophy of technology, we will explore epistemic tools that are used to draw scientifically-informed inferences, such as computer simulations and thought experiments.
Here's below a list of the main topics:

• Method of science
• Demarcation between science and pseudo-science
• Confirmation
• Scientific Progress
• Philosophy of Space: Absolutism vs Relationism
• Scientific Reasoning
• Philosophy of Technology

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Altro
Final written exam based on general questions about the topics of the lectures: specifically, the students are assigned to write several essays, which have to be emailed directly to the instructors at the following address: [email protected]. There are also individual class presentations scheduled during the term

Alan Chalmers, What is This Thing Called Science?, Editore: Hackett Pub Co Inc
Nick Huggett, Space from Zeno to Einstein: Classic Readings With a Contemporary Commentary, Editore: Bradford Books

This course deals with power systems analyzed from ethical and social perspectives. It is intended to give students a chance to reflect on the ethical, social, and cultural impacts of power systems by focusing on the issues faced by and brought about by electrical engineers.
This integrated course includes lectures by two instructors with complementary expertise, covering the issues of power systems at the intersection of technical and socio-ethical issues, and invited lecturers, covering specific topics at the forefront of research in the socio-technical management of power systems.
Class participation is expected, as classes will be organized as short workshop sessions in which experiences, and individual and group reflections are punctuated by Socratic discussions or microlectures.

Knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Acquire a broad perspective on the ethical and social impacts and implications of power systems;
Be acquainted with normative ethics and normative argumentation;
Learn how to recognize and analyze ethical and social aspects and issues inherent in development, control, and design of power systems;
Be able to understand how technical problems are inherently connected to a social dimension within a socio-technical perspective.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Be able to use critical skills in clarifying and ethically analyzing case-studies involving power systems;
Be able to apply ethical theories to problems created, aggravated or transformed by smart grids;
Be able to explore and assess possibilities for solving or diminishing existing and emerging ethical and social problems of smart grids.
Making judgements
Students will be able:

• To autonomously analyze the ethical issues of a technology and to develop a critical analysis on that;
• To evaluate and select the appropriate knowledge in the effort of elaborating and justifying a philosophical argument on a topic autonomously selected.
  Communication
  Students will learn to:
• Work in small groups;
• Present in an effective way the results of their independent research, being able to justify their choices.
  Lifelong learning skills
  Students will:
  Be better prepared to their future professional life in an ethically and socially responsible way;
  Be able to analyze problems through an ethical lens.

The course will cover different topics from both a theoretical and a more practical point of view.
The following topics will be presented within the context of power systems development and technologies:
Privacy and privacy-preserving analysis of energy data: infrastructure components and consumer devices as data acquiring network devices.
Security both at the individual and national level: power disruption causing loss of infrastructure, endangering public safety and jeopardizing national security.
Equity: equitable pricing and affordability of access; fair distribution of costs and benefits; energy management burden on uniformed consumer; managing consumer behavior.
Environmental sustainability: future affordability of energy; intergenerational justice; possible conflict between reliability and environmental sustainability.
AI/ML techniques and Big Data analytics for the smart grid: their increasing role and critical issues (e.g., fair algorithmic decision making).
Social acceptance issues: effects of moral values on the acceptance of smart grid technologies; ethics of technology and technology acceptance models.
Professional codes of conduct: benefits and limits; how codes face innovation such as the smart grid.
Students will be supervised in the development of the final project (class presentation) in order to achieve the required standards.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i facoltativo (a scelta dello studente), di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
Foreword: The program is the same for the both versions of the course (i.e, 5 ECTS, and 6 ECTS).
Grading will be on the following basis.
5 ECTS: 50% final project (team presentation in class); 50% written test on the course topics.
6 ECTS: 50% final project (team presentation in class + individual assignment); 50% written test on the course topics. The additional ECTS is accounted for by the individual assignment, which will be announced and agreed upon at the beginning of the course.

This subject aims to provide students with fundamental knowledge and practical skills for the acquisition, processing, integration, and validation of experimental data related to electric mobility systems, with particular attention to diagnostic applications.
The course is structured into three main chapters. The first chapter introduces the fundamentals of metrology and the three pillars of modern measurement science: measurement uncertainty, calibration, and metrological traceability.
The second chapter covers the fundamentals of sensing systems and transducers for the monitoring and diagnosis of electric vehicles and transportation systems. Particular attention is devoted to electrical, mechanical, and thermal measurements for the assessment of vehicle components and operating conditions.
The third chapter introduces estimation methods for the integration and interpretation of measurement data. It covers multi-sensor data integration, sensor fusion, and model-based estimation techniques aimed at improving the accuracy, reliability, and robustness of diagnostic information. Particular attention is devoted to the integration of experimental measurements with physical and mathematical models through data assimilation methods and Kalman filtering techniques.
Seminars delivered by professionals and experts working in the field will be organised during the course. Visits to industrial and research laboratories will also be arranged, subject to the availability of the hosting organisations.
The course meets the requirements of the Dublin Descriptors (DD), as detailed in the following sections.

At the end of the course, students will have acquired the knowledge and skills required to specify measurement systems for the monitoring and diagnosis of electric mobility systems and to evaluate their performance against the relevant measurement and system requirements (DD1, DD2).
Students will be able to identify and analyse the main requirements of a measurement problem, select appropriate sensors and transducers, and define a suitable measurement system architecture for electrical, mechanical, and thermal quantities (DD1, DD2).
Students will acquire fundamental knowledge of estimation methods for the processing and integration of measurement data. They will be able to describe and apply basic sensor fusion, model-based estimation, data assimilation, and Kalman filtering techniques for the assessment of system states and operating conditions (DD1, DD2).
Students will also be able to integrate experimental measurements with physical and mathematical models and critically evaluate the accuracy, reliability, and limitations of the resulting estimates and diagnostic information (DD2, DD3).
At the end of the course, students who have attended the laboratory activities will also have acquired practical skills in the acquisition and processing of measurement data, the evaluation of measurement uncertainty, and the calibration of simple measurement systems (DD1, DD2).

Fundamentals of metrology. This part of the course introduces the fundamental concepts of measurement science. It covers the definition of measurement models, the identification of the main sources of measurement uncertainty, and the methods used to evaluate and combine uncertainty contributions. Metrological traceability, calibration, and the interpretation of measurement results are also addressed. Particular attention is devoted to the reliability of decisions based on measurement data and to the influence of measurement uncertainty on such decisions.
Sensors and measurements for diagnostics. This part of the course covers the operating principles and main characteristics of sensors and transducers used for the monitoring and diagnosis of electric mobility systems. Particular attention is devoted to electrical, mechanical, and thermal measurements, including the selection of suitable sensors, their static and dynamic characteristics, sensitivity, accuracy, bandwidth, and sources of uncertainty. Measurement system architectures for the acquisition and processing of diagnostic data are also introduced.
Estimation and sensor fusion. This part of the course introduces methods for estimating physical quantities and system states from experimental measurements. It covers the integration of data provided by multiple and heterogeneous sensors, sensor fusion techniques, and the use of virtual sensors. Basic concepts of state-space modelling, model-based estimation, and Kalman filtering are presented.
Physical models and data assimilation. This part of the course addresses the integration of measurement data with physical and mathematical models. Data assimilation techniques are introduced as tools for updating model predictions using experimental observations. Particular attention is devoted to the assessment of estimation accuracy, robustness, and sensitivity to measurement and model uncertainties.

Prova orale obbligatoria
The final test consists of an oral test during which the students will discuss a point of the main topics listed above. The goal of this discussion is to verify whether the student has understood the fundamentals of the above points and can apply them to a simple case (DD1 and DD2).

Note monografiche del corso
Note: disponibili dal sito WeBeep del corso

The course develops knowledge of the Local Public Transport sector carried out with buses, trams and subways starting from the definition of the technical-economic dimension of the sector and its legislative and regulatory context (national and community).
It then addresses the national and international competitive context, the examination of the main players and the types of service assignments (tenders for services, dual purpose, in house) and the types of administrative management of services, describing the transition from concessions to contracts net and gross cost.
It then moves on to the description of the various activities that characterize the Local Public Transport Company starting from the design and programming of services, to the definition and management of the rolling stock, to the technologies used both on board the bus and for the management and monitoring of the service, the promotion of the service to customers, the management of industrial relations and the role of the trade union, the tools and methods for the continuous monitoring of the economic sustainability of the service itself.
Finally, it focuses on aspects of particular relevance within the emergency context: types of services that facilitate tracking and distancing such as those on call and booking for schools, safety / sanitation on board buses, the use of apps for the purchase of travel tickets.

The goal is to open the mind of the student in the field of public transport management. After completing the course, the students are able to:
Know the basic conditions and rules of public transport management
Read and understand technical and thematic insights related to the topics of the course
Roughly identify the principles useful for obtaining solutions to main problems of public transport management
Know how to apply the knowledge learned within the course to an application case such as the development of a project of local public transport service
The exercises developed during the course in cooperation with the company enable the students to experience the mechanisms of teamwork while final presentations in front of the rest of the class and an audience of experts improve communication and public presentation skills.

The main factors of the LPT sector, the national and international competitive context and the main players
The regulation of market and operation of LPT (regulatory references, Authorities, technical sector regulations)
The types of service assignment and the service contract
Service planning, sizing and scheduling
The ways of service: surface (bus, trolleybus, tram, BRT) and subway
Customers and fare systems
Modal integration, door to door and the role of digital Innovation and AI
The organization of a LPT company, the employment contract, the role of the trade union and industrial relations
Rolling stock, traditional power supplies and green change (CNG, LNG, hybrid, electric, hydrogen)
Infrastructures (stations, stops, depots)
Technologies: tools for service planning, scheduling, monitoring, control and certification; electronic ticketing systems; customer information
The economic sustainability of the LPT service: main cost and revenue factors and budget, business plan and Economic and Financial Plan

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The course consists in lessons, case studies (exercises) and technical visits (if possible).
At the beginning of the course the students will be divided in small teams (4/5 students each) and a single project, in collaboration with a transportation company, will be assigned to each of them. The teams are required to prepare a written project report at the middle and at the end of the course; the final report will be evaluated.
The final examination consists of a written proof about the entire course program (60% of the evaluation) and of an oral presentation and discussion of the project (40% of the evaluation).

The first aim of the course is to let students understand the functional requirements and performance of rail vehicles. To attain this, the basic information are given on how rail vehicles are conceived, designed, produced, tested, used and eventually disposed or recycled. In particular, one key objective of the course is to describe how the main subsystems of the rail vehicle work (functional requirements and performance). The course deals with both rail vehicles for passengers and rail vehicles for freight transport. We start with the basic functions, described by mathematical models, and we finally understand why rail vehicles are being made as they appear and which could be the future developments. Particular attention is devoted to historical development of vehicles, to understand their evolution process in view of Maglev and Hyperloop. Another aim is to provide practical experience by means of seminars delivered by companies and visiting overhaul workshops.
One aim refers to developing critical reasoning on how rail vehicles have to be exploited, based on their inherent physical caharacteristics. This can be made by team working and discussing the results of own work.
The above aim is related to the other aims referring to
-developing presentation skills and
-acquiring information useful to own project exercise
The course is divided into three modules. The first module deals with general aspects of rail vehicle design. The second module is focused on topics concerning the mechanical design of rail vehicle system or components like wheelsets or bogies. The third module (common for Module A and Module B) refers to technical vists and lectures given by industry members.

Referring to Module A
The student will reach
the understanding of how rail vehicles work and which are the related functional requirements and performance
the understanding of how the main rail vehicle subsystems work (wheelsets, bogies, transmission, body, brake)
The student will be able to
understand the architecture for a train
understand the present and future performance of rail vehicles and their subsystems
The student will
make judgement on his/her own project of the architecture of a train
be able to discuss in a team the obtained results (during the team projects referring to assignments)
Referring to Module B
The student will reach
the understanding of how wheelset are designed, manufactured and maintained
the understanding of how bogie is designed and tested
The student will be able to
perform a preliminary design of a whole train and of its main components
estimate the present and future performance of rail vehicles and their subsystems
The student will
make judgement on his/her own project of the architecture of a train
be able to discuss in a team the obtained results (during the team projects referring to assignments)

Module A
Introduction. Ground locomotion in nature, invention of the wheel and hystorical development of ground (rail) vehicles. The lore of the train and its future.
Architecture of rail vehicles. Paradigms for designing rail vehicles. Definiion of railway system.
Wheels and track. Functional requirements and working principle. Concept design, materials, typical loads. Wear and maintenance.
Wheelset. Functional requirements and working principle. Concept design, materials, wear, resilient wheels, axleboxes. Performance and maintenance.
Bogies, motor bogies. Functional requirements and working principle. Single motor and two-motors. Load transfer. Mechanical transmissions. Performance and maintenance.
Body. Functional requirements and working principle. Typical loads, concept design (European and US), buffers, couplers. Performance and maintenance.
Braking. Fail safe-, automatic-, continuous-, controllable brake. Pneumatic system, triple valve, rheostatic brake, electromagnetic brake (friction or eddy current). Disk brake, clasp (shoe) brake. Safety issues.
Diesel and diesel electric locos. Electric and hydraulic transmission.
Life cycle cost and Reliability, Availability Maintainability.
Future trends for road vehicles. New architectures, lightweight and durabilty performance (lifecycle), safety and security, ITS (Intelligent Trasnsport Systems). Maglev. Hyperloop.
Module B
Design of a railway wheel - computation of the contact forces and fatigue resistance
Design of a wheelset axle - preliminary embodyment, computation of the stresses and strains, analysis of durability, production of a drawing
Testing of a bogie - definition of loads, displacements, time to perform fatigue tests
Module C (common for Module A and B)
Technical visits and seminars are organized to provide in-depth understaning of specific and relevant topics. Laboratories or facilities of Trenitalia, Lucchini and Metra will be visited (subject to change, according to companies' availability).

Prova scritta facoltativa (a scelta dello studente), con prove in itinere
Prova orale obbligatoria
Type of exam
The exam is oral only.
Number of questions
2
Questions
Rail: 1 question on lectures FAQ in the file “questions – rail vehicle.doc” on webeep
1 question on exercises (the exercises are: the assignment and the summaries of technical visits)
Duration
Typically, one day is needed by the teacher to complete the exams. It is safe not to consider this as a rule. In case many candidates are to be examined, the exam may last more than one day.
Elapsed time
Writing the first question(s) and answering the second question(s) requires about 1.5 hours.
Practical issues during exam
To make easy and speedup the examinations, the first question is answered by students not in front of the teacher. Students sit and write the answers taking the time they need. Then they discuss with the teacher their answers.
Extended dates
As a rule the exam dates are the ones officially defined.
Pre-exams
During the course a couple of pre-exams can be taken by students. The first pre-exam is made during the programmed time span for such kind of pre-exams (usually mid April). The second pre-exam is made at the end of the course. The qustions that will asked are given by te teacher in advance. 20 questions are given for the first pre-exam and 20questions are given for the second pre-exam. Each pre-exam lasts nealy one hour. At the first pre-exam 10 questions will be asked among the possible 20. The same for the second pre-exam. The final exam will consider the results of the two pre-exams, additionally, a question on the exercise(s) will be made.
Who fails one of the two pre-exams has to take the full exam as explained above. The pre-exams are available until 31 July of the current academic year. After this period, the teacher may decide that the student will have to take the full exam as explained above.
Mark
The final mark is the non-weighted mean of the marks obtained answering the questions.
In case of pre-exams, t he final mark is the non-weighted mean of the marks obtained by answering the questions and by answering a question on exercise.
Since the seminars and technical visits are integral part of the course, each missing activity causes, respectively, the drop of approximately one unit from the final mark.

Lecture notes Beep
Note: Lecture notes contain what is presented during classes
S Iwnicki, Handbook of railway vehicle dynamics, Editore: CRC, Anno edizione: 2006, ISBN: 9780849333217 biblio PoliMi
Note: E-book available from www.polimi.it
C Cole et Al., Design and simulation of rail vehicles, Editore: CRC
G Vicuna, Organizzazione e Tecnica Ferroviaria, Editore: CIFI
L Mayer, Impianti Ferroviari, Editore: CIFI
K Sachs, Elektrische Triebfahrzeuge, Editore: Springer
Di Majo, Costruzione di Materiale Ferroviario, Editore: Levrotto & Bella

Il corso intende introdurre lo studente al tema dello sviluppo sostenibile e al ruolo della tecnologia nella complessità delle sfide globali. Lo sviluppo sostenibile mira a identificare modelli innovativi per la Prosperità economica compatibili con il rispetto del Pianeta e l'inclusione sociale di tutte le Persone. In questa prospettiva il razionale e le logiche che sottendono a tale paradigma dello deve essere analizzate e compreso dalle generazioni di ingegneri che lavoreranno in contesti sempre più globali e inserito come elemento caratterizzante per una professione che inevitabilmente è in continua evoluzione. L'interesse per questi temi è evidente e ben esplicitato nell'Agenda 2030 delle Nazioni Unite e nei 17 obiettivi di Sviluppo Sostenibile, nella visione di una Europa della conoscenza e nell'interdipendenza globale marcata dagli effetti diretti e indiretti delle crisi economiche e sociali mondiali sui sistemi tecnologici e economici

Policies for sustainable urban mobility and for decarbonizing transport are typically oriented to designing better infrastructures and performing vehicles, and making travel services more attractive (i.e. “supply-oriented”). This course delves into demand-oriented policies aimed at sustainability through direct engagement with individuals, empowerment and nudging towards sustainable habits and behaviors. Students learn about theoretical knowledge for modeling individuals' travel behavior (discrete choice analysis) and tools for estimating advanced demand models and survey. Furthermore, use cases aimed at dimensioning transport infrastructures and services are presented, taking into account individual perception of built environment and the behavioral responses ("user acceptance") to the introduction of new technologies (e.g. autonomous driving vehicles, urban air mobility services). For each topic, practical exercises are shown, and recent case studies presented.

• Knowledge and understanding ability
  The course deals with theoretical and empirical issues of travel demand analysis including discrete choice modeling, model estimation and calibration, with a discussion of several use cases for a comprehensive knowledge of the topics addressed.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
  During the course students would learn the tecnique to estimate and calibrate a model for travel demand forecasting, using up-to-date software tools. The course also offers seminars aiming at making students aware of (state-of-art and advanced) use cases.
• Autonomy of judgment
  The course will provide students with skills to deal with travel demand analysis and to understand the complexity of decision-making related to sustainable mobility policies, particularly in urban areas.
• Communicative skills
  The course foresees discussion in groups about mobility and travel demand behavioural policy. This will allow students to improve their ability to work in team. Results achieved will be presented in slides to the whole class in order to improve communication skills.
• Learning ability
  The learning ability will be assessed by means of written tests in itinere, in order to identify non-assimilated topics and to fine-tune the speed of giving new lectures.

Technologies for sustainable mobility
ITS and smart roads
Advanced Travelers Information Systems (route and daily-activity planners)
Digital twinning
Innovative approaches to sustainable mobility policies
Data-driven Decision Making and Machine learning
Living Labs and Stakeholder Engagement
Nudge theory
Travel Behavior Modeling
Fundamentals of Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)
Advanced Random Utility Models (RUM)
Hybrid Choice Models (HCM)
Survey Design and Data Collection
Mobility needs and preferences; Sampling
Revealed Preference (RP) and Stated-Intention (SI) questionnaires; Stated-Preference (SP) experiments
Travel Diaries
Use Cases
Acceptance of technological advances: Urban Air Mobility, Autonomous vehicles
Adoption of new mobility services: Electric vehicles, Shared mobility; Mobility-as-a-Service
Diversity and Inclusion in Transport (gender gap, digital divide, …)
Perceived safety and security of transportation infrastructure (roads, stations, …)
“Walk-ability” and perceived built environment
“Bike-ability” and road characteristics

Prova orale obbligatoria
The final assessment will be based on the knowledge gained through the lessons, the reference texts and the discussion during the exercises, in accordance with the following five Dublin descriptors:
1 Knowledge and understanding
2 Applying knowledge and understanding
3 Making judgements
4 Communication skills
5 Learning skills
Final examination (both for attending and non attending students) is based on an oral discussion to verify the acquisition of the above-mentioned objectives both with respect to the knowledge and understanding of the main topics.
During the course, students would make some self-assessment tests (in itinere); these are not compulsory.

Cascetta E., Transportation System Analysis: Models and Applications, Editore: Springer, New York, Anno edizione: 2009, ISBN: 978-0-387-75857-2
de Dios Ortuzar J., Willumsen L.G., Modelling Transport, Editore: John Wiley & Sons, Anno edizione: 1994, ISBN: 978-0-470-76039-0

Technology is one of the most pervasive features of modern society and the impact of technology on society has been a topic of longstanding concern. This course cultivates a critical approach to technology that highlights how technological objects, both old and new, are shaped by the social and cultural contexts in which they are designed, manufactured, and used.
Students are introduced to a corpus of studies that looks at how social relations and society shape technology and get ‘inside technology’, which highlights how the very design of technology (including the artifacts themselves) embodies important social, cultural, ethical, and political assumptions that inform how we use, value, or reject technology. Readings will examine some of the recent work by sociologists, anthropologists, historians, philosophers as well as feminist and postcolonial scholars who have provided new insights into our understanding of the development and dissemination of technology. Throughout we will look at studies of various technologies, such as bridges, the bicycle, the microwave, birth control, financial markets, and the internet.
Students will apply the conceptual and methodological tools from the discussed literature in a case study of a contemporary or emerging technology. This will allow for a more in-depth exploration of the conceptual frameworks provided during this course through the examination of the particular issues and concerns related to a specific technology. Students will critically examine how their selected technology shapes and is shaped by the social context in which it is produced and consumed, and what the implications are of these processes. Throughout the course, students are expected to play an interactive, collaborative, and participatory role by engaging in class discussions, writing exercises, presentations, and peer review.

Dublin Descriptors
Expected learning outcomes
Knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Acquire a broad critical perspective on the ethical and social impacts and implications of technology;
Learn how to recognize and analyze ethical and social aspects and issues inherent to old and emerging technologies;
Be able to understand how technical problems are informed by the socio-cultural contexts in which they occur.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will:
Be able to use critical skills in identifying and analyzing technological case studies;
Be able to apply sociological theories to problems created, aggravated or transformed by technologies;
Be able to explore and assess possibilities for addressing social problems generated by technologies.
Making judgements
Students will be able:
To independently analyze the social impact of a technology and the social processes that inform technological development and use;
To evaluate and select the appropriate critical approaches to understanding and addressing social problems generated by technology.
Communication
Students will learn to:
Exercise and improve their scholarly writing skills;
Present the results of their independent research in an effective manner;
Justify their arguments clearly and coherently.
Lifelong learning skills
Students will:
Be better prepared for their future professional life as a critical thinker and communicator;
Be better able to engage critically with issues that affect the society they live in;
Be better able to analyze problems through a theoretical lens.

The course consists of a series of interactive lectures dealing with major topics in social studies of technology. Students are required to come to class prepared and expected to actively participate.
Lectures will discuss a number of approaches central to a critical examination of technology, such as the Social Construction of Technology (SCOT), Feminist and Postcolonial studies of Technology, and Disability Studies. Students will also be introduced to several key conceptual and methodological approaches to technology studies, such as the role of technoscientific controversies, accidents and disasters; studies of maintenance and repair; technological determinism; social constructivism; the agency of artifacts; scripts and affordances; sociomateriality, and cyborg embodiment. During the lectures, students will also be introduced to case studies of contemporary and emerging technologies.
For the final essay, students are expected to focus on the social, ethical, and political dimensions of a topic or case of their choosing, rather the technical aspects of a certain technology. Students are also expected to give a final (group) presentation on a topic of their collective choosing. This topic can be, but need not necessarily be, related to the invidual papers of each student in a group. If students cannot present, they need to submit an additional (shorter) essay.
Students who take the course for 3 CFU instead of 5 CFU can submit a shorter essay.

Altro
Type of assessment
Description
Dublin descriptor
Collective presentations
Develop an argument in which the presented claims are justified by use of relevant literature and sociological argumentation and evidence;
To present this argument in an oral presentation in class in front of the instructor and their fellow students.
1, 3
4, 5
Individual written essay
The individual final essay demonstrates that a student has the capacity to read and engage with the relevant literature, and the ability to apply relevant concept and methods to a case study;
The individual final essay demonstrates an ability to conduct a thorough sociological analysis of a technology, and to communicate the results of this analysis in a clear and comprehensible manner;
The individual final essay discusses the social dynamics that are associated with their chosen case study of a contemporary or emerging technology, and critically reflect on this technology’s social impact and implications.
1, 2
3, 4, 5

H.M. Collins & T. Pinch, The Golem at Large: What you should know about technology
Ron Kline, Technological Determinism
Note: in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001 (pp. 15495-15498)
Leo Marx, Does Improved Technology Mean Progress?
Note: (1987) Technology Review, 71, 33-41.
Kline, R. & Pinch, T (1996)., Users as Agents of Technological Change: The Social Construction of the Automobile in the Rural United States.
Note: Technology and Culture, 37(4), 763-795.
David, P.A., Clio and the Economics of QWERTY
Note: (1985). The American Economic Review, 75(2), 332-337.
Judy Wajcman, Feminist Theories of Technology
Note: (2010). Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34, 143-152.
Nakamura, L., Indigenous Circuits: Navajo Women and the Racialization of Early Electronic Manufacture
Note: (2014). American Quarterly 66(4), 919-941
Audre Lorde, The Master's Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master's House.
Note: 1983
David Edgerton, The Shock of the Old: Technology and Global History Since 1900
Note: 2007
Couldry, N., Mejias, The Costs of Connection: How Data is Colonizing Human Life and Appropriating It for Capitalism
Note: (2019). Stanford University Press
Noortje Marres, The Costs of Public Involvement: Everyday devices of carbon accounting and the materialization of participation.
Note: (2011). Economy and Society, 40(4), 510-533.
Langdon Winner, Do Artifacts Have Politics?
Note: 1986
David F Noble, Social Choice in Machine Design: The Case of Automatically Controlled Machine Tools
Judy Wajcman, Technofeminism
Note: 2004

This course introduces the theoretical foundations and simulation tools used to analyze the dynamics of transportation systems. Topics include both day-to-day dynamic process models and within-day macroscopic and microscopic simulation models (for vehicles and pedestrians).
By the end of the course, students will be able to:
Recognize when dynamic analyses are required in transportation studies.
Develop and implement dynamic simulation models for transportation system analysis using modern software tools.
Explore real-world applications showcasing state-of-the-art and advanced case studies.

• Knowledge and understanding ability
  The course deals with theoretical and empirical issues of transportation systems analysis with a discussion of several use cases for a comprehensive knowledge of the topics addressed.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding
  During the course students would understand when dynamic analyses for transportation systems are needed and would learn how to build (dynamic) simulation models using up-to-date software tools.
• Autonomy of judgment
  The course will provide students with skills to deal with estimation and analysis of dynamic transportation flows, and the ability to understand how to use the results of dinamic simulations for designing and managing transport infrastructures.
• Communicative skills
  The course foresees discussion in groups about project works related to the microsimulation of a transportation infrastructure (e.g. strecth of highway, an intersection, a station). This will allow students to improve their ability to work in team. The results of the project work will be presented using slides to the whole class in order to improve communication skills.
• Learning ability
  The learning ability will be assessed by means of written tests in-itinere, in order to identify non-assimilated topics and to fine-tune the speed of giving new lectures.

• Transportation supply models. Congested and uncongested networks
• Introduction to Dynamic Analysis.
• Basics of Traffic flow Theory. Fundamental Diagram. Review of macroscopic traffic flow models
• Steady-State Assignment ( Equilibrium ): assignment models for congested and uncongested networks
• Day-to-day dynamics processes (Deterministic). Learning and Memory Models, Habit and Inertia Models
• Micro-simulation models for vehicles and passengers flows
• Use cases

Prova orale obbligatoria
Progetto/i - Elaborato/i obbligatorio, di gruppo, con revisioni periodiche, con presentazione/discussione finale
The final assessment will be based on the knowledge gained through the lessons, the reference texts and the discussion during the exercises, in accordance with the following five Dublin descriptors:
1 Knowledge and understanding
2 Applying knowledge and understanding
3 Making judgements
4 Communication skills
5 Learning skills
Final examination is based on an oral discussion to verify the acquisition of the above-mentioned objectives both with respect to the knowledge and understanding of the main topics, and the presentation of the project work carried out using the simulation software that will be provided.
During the course, students would make some self-evaluation tests ( in-itinere ); these are not compulsory and do not affect the final evaluation of the exam.

Cantarella G.E., D.P. Watling, S. de Luca, R. Di Pace, Dynamics and stochasticity in transportation systems, Editore: Elsevier, Anno edizione: 2019, ISBN: 9780128143537
Cascetta E., Transportation systems analysis: models and applications, Editore: Springer, Anno edizione: 2009, ISBN: 978-0-387-75857-2

L'insegnamento è dedicato alle tecnologie per la comunicazione nella mobilità, concentrandosi in particolare sulle reti di telecomunicazione, Internet e le tecnologie digitali ad essa collegate, i sistemi di comunicazione e navigazione per la mobilità connessa, cooperativa e autonoma. Sono inizialmente illustrati i principi di funzionamento delle reti di comunicazione e le caratteristiche principali delle architetture e dei protocolli in esse adottati. L’obiettivo è quello di mostrare come l’informazione debba essere trattata per essere trasferita in rete e quali sono le metriche che misurano le prestazioni della trasmissione (velocità trasmissiva, latenza e affidabilità). Successivamente, viene illustrata l'architettura protocollare con un approccio top-down, dal livello applicativo ai livelli di trasporto e rete, fino alle tecnologie di accesso alle reti locali e la trasmissione sui mezzi fisici (cavo, fibra ottica o radio).
Viene infine presentata una panoramica delle tecnologie wireless (satellitari, cellulari e a corto raggio dedicate) che sono utilizzate per offrire servizi di connettività nella mobilità: la localizzazione e il tracciamento di utenti, mezzi e flotte; l’interconnessione di veicoli, utenti e infrastruttura; il segnalamento per la sicurezza stradale e la gestione del traffico; le tecnologie 5G e le relative evoluzioni a supporto della guida assistita/autonoma; i sistemi intelligenti di trasporto cooperativi; le piattaforme digitali basate sull’Internet delle cose per la smart mobility.
Lezioni ed esercitazioni sono integrate con testimonianze di esperti del settore mobilità (circa 10h), in particolare aziende del ramo trasporti, automobilistico e ICT.

Descrittori di Dublino
Risultati di apprendimento attesi
1. Conoscenza e capacità di comprensione

• Comprendere i principi di funzionamento, le architetture e i protocolli delle reti di comunicazione.
• Comprendere le metriche per la valutazione delle prestazioni di una rete: throughput, ritardi e perdite di pacchetti.
• Conoscere le principali tecnologie wireless usate per la comunicazione nella mobilità.
  2. Conoscenza e capacità di comprensione applicate
• Valutare le prestazioni di una rete di comunicazione.
• Definire requisiti e specifiche di un sistema di comunicazione per servizi di mobilità.
• Valutare i benefici della connettività veicolare nei servizi per la sicurezza ed efficienza del trasporto su strada.
• Comprendere il ruolo delle telecomunicazioni nell’evoluzione dei sistemi di trasporto.
  3. Autonomia di giudizio
• Selezionare le tecnologie di comunicazione più adatte per la realizzazione di sistemi di trasporto intelligenti.
• Valutare l’impatto delle prestazioni di una rete di comunicazione (velocita’ trasmissiva, latenza, affidabilità) sulla qualità dei servizi di mobilità.
  4. Abilità comunicative
• Sostenere una discussione tecnica sul tema delle comunicazioni nella mobilità utilizzando un linguaggio appropriato e la terminologia tecnica corretta; ascoltare attivamente e rispondere in modo appropriato.
• Sviluppare precisione e chiarezza nell’esposizione di dati e risultati numerici.
• Rispondere in modo preciso e pertinente sia a domande di tipo vero/falso che a domande che richiedono una risposta più articolata, dimostrando comprensione e capacità di argomentare.
  5. Capacità di apprendere
• Capacità di apprendere i principi di funzionamento e le potenzialità di nuove tecnologie emergenti per la comunicazione nella mobilità.

Fondamenti di telecomunicazione: principi fondamentali, architetture e funzioni delle reti di comunicazione; commutazione di circuito e di pacchetto; stratificazione dei protocolli e modelli di servizio; indicatori di prestazione (throughput, ritardi e perdite di pacchetti).
Rassegna sui protocolli di comunicazione: livello applicativo, approcci client-server e peer-to-peer, esempi di protocolli applicativi; livello di trasporto, trasporto affidabile (TCP) e non affidabile (UDP), controllo di flusso e di congestione; livello di rete, protocollo Internet (IP), indirizzamento, inoltro e instradamento; livello di collegamento, reti locali, cenni di Ethernet e WiFi, interconnessione di reti eterogenee.
Approfondimento sulle tecnologie wireless per la mobilità connessa: reti cellulari, WiFi e reti a corto raggio dedicate; sistemi per la localizzazione e il tracciamento di utenti, mezzi e flotte; comunicazioni V2X e sistemi di trasporto intelligenti cooperativi (C-ITS) per la sicurezza stradale e la gestione del traffico; tecnologie 5G e relative evoluzioni a supporto della guida assistita/autonoma; tecnologie digitali per l’Internet delle cose.

Prova scritta obbligatoria, senza prove in itinere
Prova orale facoltativa (a scelta dello studente)
La valutazione si basa su una prova scritta che comprende esercizi numerici e quesiti di carattere teorico sugli argomenti dell’insegnamento. Lo scritto può essere integrato con un esame orale; in assenza di orale il voto massimo ottenibile è 27/30. L'orale può essere richiesto a discrezione del docente.
I dettagli sulle due prove sono riportati nella tabella che segue.
Tipo di valutazione
Descrizione
Descrittori di Dublino
Prova scritta
Esercizi numerici.
Domande a risposta aperta.
Domande a risposta chiusa (vero/falso).
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Prova orale
Discussione sui contenuti del corso.
2, 3, 4, 5