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Economic history of tourism
Università degli studi di Firenze design of sustainable tourism systems – progettazione dei sistemi turistici 2024
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- Domestic tourism increased due to travel restrictions and a preference for open-air experiences.
- The UN has outlined 17 sustainable development goals that tourism should aim to achieve.
- In pre-industrial Europe, population growth was continuous until the Black Death, which caused a significant drop before recovery.
- During the Middle Ages, trade and urbanization led to increased wealth inequality in Florence, with the richest 1% holding as much wealth as the poorest 87% combined.
- The Silk Road connected Europe and Asia for centuries, facilitating trade in goods like spices, silk, and luxury items until Portuguese ships circumnavigated Africa, opening new sea routes.
- Portugal's empire extended from India to China, with key strongholds in Goa, Hormuz, and Malacca, but faced challenges due to internal corruption and limited population.
- The Spanish Empire initially focused on Mexico after Columbus' mistaken discovery of the Americas, using it for plantations and colonization, which later attracted European competitors leading to increased Atlantic dangers.
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